The Advocates 8-20-08

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio
1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

August 20, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

 

Wednesday, August 20,
2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can
listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to
reach us on the radio.  Our guest today is
author Robert J. Flower, Ph.D., and our subject is his book “Your Exceptional
Mind,” and his thoughts on how “enhancing one’s intelligence promotes the
expanding of understanding.”

Dr. Flower, who is a
resident of Bronxville, NY,
is a graduate of both Fordham University and Walden University
with a BA degree in Philosophy and a Ph.D. in Philosophy along with
Organizational and Systems Sciences.

Dr. Flowers is a
member of MENSA, has lectured and appeared on radio extensively. Part of his
career has been devoted to the real estate industry, college lecturing and he
has traveled extensively all over the world on archeological and
anthropological investigations. He is has spent numerous years studying and
reporting on “The Search for Natural Intelligence.”

As a result of this
work, his books deal with intellectual potential and how it can enhanced, and
utilized. His books have included, “Decoding Potential,” “A Revolution in
Understanding” and “The Intelligence Cubes.” This afternoon we will explore his
thoughts on intelligence and he will answer some of the following questions:

* What
exactly is Natural Intelligence?

* How does
it help people?

* How do
you use it as a community activist?

* What is
your view of governance?

Meanwhile, the
mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current
“public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation
legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States
has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public
education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time
great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public
policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation,
state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the
“draft.”

The Program is
sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY.
One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com
and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com. 

 

Richard J. Garfunkel

The Last Time to the Big Ball Park in the Bronx and a Drive to Coney Island- 8-1708

The Last Time at the Big Ball Park in
the Bronx

and a

Drive to Coney
Island

By

Richard J. Garfunkel

August 17, 2008

This past Saturday, August 16, 2008, Linda, Dana I headed
off to the old Yankee Stadium for our last visit. We expected to be accompanied
by Jon, but he was held up in Boston
for an emergency weekend work at his firm. C’est la vie! We headed down to the
“Big Ballpark in the Bronx,” as the late great
Mel Allen used to say. It is sort of hard to believe that Mel, “The Voice of
the Yankees,” was let go before the 1964 World Series. That ignominious event
coincided with the decline of America’s
greatest sport’s franchise. He made his way back to the Yankees in 1976, after
a thirteen year exile, under the aegis of George Steinbrenner, and until his
death in 1996 he was again part of the Yankee family. Funny when Mel came back
the Yankees returned to respectability with their first pennant since his
departure.

As usual we always go south to the Stadium by the Bronx River Parkway to the Mosholu Parkway in
the Bronx to the Grand Concourse. The road was
first conceived in 1870, as a means of connecting Manhattan
to the parkway in the northern Bronx.
Construction began on the Grand Concourse in 1889 and it was opened to traffic
in November 1909. Built during the height of the City Beautiful movement, it was modeled on
the Champs-Élysées in Paris but was considerably
larger, stretching four miles in length, measuring 180 feet across, and separated
into three roadways by tree-lined dividers.

The cost of the project was $14 million, the equivalent to $310 million by
today's standards. The road originally stretched from the Bronx Borough Hall at
161st Street north
to Van Cortlandt Park, although it was later
expanded southward to 138th street
after Mott Avenue
was widened to accommodate the boulevard. In 1923, Yankee
Stadium
opened near the Grand Concourse at 161st Street. South of Fordham Road, the
palatial Loew's Paradise Theater, at one time the largest movie theater in New York City, was
constructed in 1929.

Although the Great Depression ended the period of tremendous
growth, privately financed apartment buildings continued to be constructed.
During this period, The Bronx had more amenities than other boroughs: in 1934,
almost 99% of residences had private bathrooms, and 95% had central heating. In
the 1939 WPA guide to New York, the Grand
Concourse was described as “the Park Avenue of middle-class Bronx residents and the lease to an apartment in one of
its many large buildings is considered evidence of at least moderate business
success.” Over the years one could see thousands of residents congregating near
the Concourse, on the benches that abutted the road and in and around the parks
that flanked the western part of the road.

Of course the Concourse went through many changes in the
post war years as many of the Jewish residents moved north to Westchester.
At one time there numerous synagogues lining the broad street, but today most
are gone and they are now mostly Spanish iglesias or Pentecostal churches. Over
the decades the road has been torn up repaired and torn up again. But today,
with the coming of the new Yankee Stadium, and an improvement of the economy of
the region, the Concourse is in marvelous shape. New curbs, tree-lined
sidewalks and a newly paved roadbed made the trip a breeze. No longer does one
have to dodge the limitless potholes, the open sewer digs, and the various road
hazards that used to make driving there a dangerous and risky adventure.

We parked in a lot along the corner of 164th Street and Jerome Avenue, just
north of the old Stadium and right next to the new Yankee colossus that is in
its final stages of completion. The address is just about the same. The new
Stadium will be on the north side of 161st
Street and still on River Avenue. Of course the new Stadium
is on the site of the old Babe Ruth Field. It was the site of many Babe Ruth
league and high school baseball games over the decades. I even played one or
two with the Bronx Red Wings and faced the legendary Rod Carew, who was from
the Bronx, via Panama.

Before there was a Yankee Stadium and in fact before they
were known as the Yankees, they were originally known as the Highlanders, who
owed their name to the location of their ballpark and the fact that their owner
Joseph W. Gordon’s name reminded some folks of the famed British Army unit
(Gordon’s Highlanders.) In 1913 the current owners (Farrell and Devery) of the
Highlanders, who were quite often referred to in the press as the Yankees, were
unhappy with their antiquated park, and therefore accepted an invitation to
play in the Polo Grounds. But moving to the Polo Grounds did not bring the
Yankees or their owner’s financial or artistic success

Therefore, the modern Yankees are really traced to the
partnership of (NY National Guard honorary) Colonel Jacob Ruppert, (aka The
Prince of Beer) who owned the Ruppert Breweries. He was a former four-term Democratic
Congressman (1899-1906 from NY’s Silk Stocking District!) and reputedly worth
between $50 and $75 million, who teamed up with one (retired Army Corp of
Engineers) Colonel Tillinghast l’Hommedieu “Til” Huston, to buy the team.
Huston, a construction millionaire and Ruppert bought the Yankees in 1915 for
the astronomical sum of $460,000 from Big Bill Devery and Frank Farrell, who
had paid just $18,000 for the Baltimore franchise in 1903 before moving it to
New York, (The Yankees had a previous 12 year losing record of 861-937, and an
average attendance of 345,000 fans per season.) Of course, it was the
innovative Ruppert, who supposedly designed the team’s brand new pinstriped
uniform in the 1920’s. He thought pinstripes would make the Babe, who had a
tendency to expand his belt-size, look slimmer. Ruppert liked to win and told
his new business manager “I want to win.” He also said, “Every day I want to
win ten to nothing. Close games make me nervous.” I always heard that Ruppert,
the proto-typical Yankee fan also said, “I like to see the Yanks score nine
runs in the first inning and pull away gently!”

The Yankees stayed there as tenants of the Giants until
1922, when John McGraw asked the Colonels Jacob Ruppert and Til Huston to take
their team and leave. It is a mystery why he did that. The Yankees were big
draws and outdrew the Giants in 1920 (in this year the Yankees set a major
league record, drawing 1,289,422 into the Polo Grounds, 350,000 more than the
Giants), 1921, and 1922 and most would have thought that the added revenue
would have been hard to resist. Maybe the Giants felt that they were being
overshadowed by the presence of the Yankees new star Babe Ruth. John McGraw, an
exponent of “inside” baseball or “little ball” as they term it today, hated
Babe Ruth and his home runs. He said in 1921, “The Yankees will have to build a
park in Queens or some other out-of-the-way
place. Let them go away, and wither on the vine.”

They moved directly across the Harlem
River and built “The House that Ruth Built.” The 58,000-seat
concrete and steel edifice, opened up on April 18, 1923, at the cost of $2.5
million. It was built in 258 working days and featured the first triple-deck
grandstand. The Opening attendance, with Governor Alfred E. Smith throwing out
the first ball, was reputed to be over 74,000, but later on it was revised down
to about 60,000. John Philip Sousa and the Seventh Regiment Band led the
procession of Yankee and Red Sox players to the centerfield flagpole for the
raising of the 1922 pennant. There were a few changes since 1923. The right
field triple deck grandstands were extended around the foul pole to the
bleachers in the late 1930’s, and some of the outfield distances were
re-adjusted before the great re-building in 1974-5. Originally center field in
the old ballpark was 490 feet. It was later reduced to 461 feet and to its
present day 408 feet. Deepest right center was an astronomical 550 feet, but
quickly reduced to 457 feet and to its present day 420 feet. The right field
foul line remained at 296 feet until the renovation where it was lengthened to
314 feet and the fence was raised from 4 feet to 8 feet. Left field was
originally 280.5 feet but was quickly adjusted to 301, and it is presently 318
feet with and 8-foot wall. Ironically, in 1923, when the new ballpark opened,
and the Yanks won their first World Series, they only drew 1,007,006 fans,
which was far less than the 1,289,422 they drew to the Polo Grounds in Ruth’s
first season. They would not break that franchise record until 1946!

The Yanks still remain on property purchased from William
Waldorf Astor for $600,000 and the Giants, who eventually went broke, left in
1957, and currently play in San
Francisco. Many years later, in 1974-5, when Yankee
Stadium was being re-constructed, they moved over to Queens and became guests
of the City of New York,
in Shea Stadium, for two unhappy seasons.

But growing up in New
York, in the late 1940’s and 1950’s, was a great era
to be a young boy and a Yankee fan. It seemed every year the Yankees were
winning the pennant and fighting for the World Championship. The old stadium
was quite caverness, and even though it was smaller than in the Babe’s day,
center field was still 461 distant feet away. It was so deep that the three
massive monuments, erected for Miller Huggins, Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig, could
sit majestically in center field without anyone ever worrying about them being
in play. It did happen, once in a while, and even the flaky Red Sox center fielder,
Jimmy Piersal, wound up hiding behind the monuments in the waning innings of a
dull Yankee-Red Sox game. It even was said that one or two baseballs were
caught behind the monuments.

It was 57 years since I made my inaugural visit to the old
Yankee Stadium. I certainly don’t remember much about that game with the Red
Sox, but I do remember being very impressed with Johnny “Big Jawn” Mize, the
Hall of Famer, who loomed bigger than life at first base. Mize originally made
his name, in the late 1930’s, with the latter edition of the Gas House Gang,
Cardinals from Saint Louis.
Mize, after his salad days with the Cards, was traded to the Giants in 1942.
After serving three years in the service during World War II, he came back to
the Giants in 1946. His bat seemed to like that “short porch” in right field.
By the next year, he hit 51 homeruns. This remained the National League record
for left handed hitters for many, many years. Of course, times were a changing,
and Leo “The Lip” Durocher, the new Giant manager, switched boroughs and teams,
and wound up in the Polo Grounds after a decade in Brooklyn.
Leo wanted to make his mark on the lumbering Giants and one of his earliest
moves was to bench big John Mize. Mize was not to happy riding the bench, and
gathering splinters, so as to shut him up; Durocher shipped him over to the Bronx.

In the hallowed grounds of the “House that Ruth Built,” Mize
blossomed as one of the premier pinch-hitters of all-time. In reality he hit
only .284 as a pinch-hitter in those five years, but his 53 hits and numerous
homeruns were usually in the clutch. He wound up with 25 home runs in 1950, an
amazing pace of one home run per every eleven at bats. Mize was one of the few
Yankees to play on their five straight World Series championships teams from
1949 through 1953. No wonder I liked him from my earliest days as a fan!

One of my great memories of Yankee Stadium was with my
grandfather, who was a member of the American Millinery Men’s Association, and their
trade group bought an entire block of tickets for a game on Friday night,
September 1, 1961. One of the highlights of the early part of the evening was
the entrance of the then welterweight champion of the world Emile Griffith, who
strode into our section of the mezzanine. Griffith
worked in that industry. (One may recall the famous Griffith-Benny “the Kid”
Paret fight of early April, 1962, where during the weigh-in, Paret impugned Griffith’s masculinity by
calling him a “maricon.” Some say, as a result of that remark, Griffith gave an extra
beating to Paret who was trapped on the ropes as referee Ruby Goldstein watched
and watched. Paret suffered massive head injuries resulting in his death on
April 3rd). But aside from that future situation, this was the year of the home
run. Mickey Mantle and Roger Maris were making their famous two-player assault
on one of the most sacred of the Bambino’s records, his 60 home runs in the
legendary baseball year of 1927. By the time September 1st came
along, the Detroit Tigers had turned into a powerful hitting machine with Norm
Cash, Rocky Colavito, Al Kaline, Billy Bruton and their ace pitcher Frank Lary
(23-7) who beat the Yankees almost every time they faced him. On that night
they had the old veteran Don Mossi (15-7) facing the Yankee ace Whitey Ford
(25-4). It was a warm night, the Yanks and Tigers were tied for first, and
there was a sell-out crowd of 65,566. Whitey Ford hurt himself and Bud Daley
relieved in the 5th inning. Late in the game, Yogi Berra, who was
playing left field, because Elston Howard had become the regular catcher, made
a remarkable play in left field and threw out Al Kaline, who was attempting to
stretch a single into a double. Luis Arroyo relieved late in the game as the
contest remained scoreless, until the bottom of the ninth when Bill ”Moose”
Skowron hit a single through the left side that scored Elston Howard with the
winning run in the 1-0 victory. It was the turning point of the season for the
Yanks. The ballpark, which had been hushed into silence through most of the game
exploded. Later the “Moose” credited 3rd base coach Frank Crosetti
for tipping him off on Don Mossi’s pitches. The Yanks next swept the Senators
four straight and the Indians five straight. They beat the White Sox and then
finally lost a double-header to the Pale Hose after reeling off 13 straight
victories. By the time they met the Tigers again, their lead had been expanded
to 10 games, and they never looked back. By the end of the season Maris had hit
61 homeruns, and Mantle was in the hospital with an abscess on his hip. The
Mick had finished with 54 round-trippers. The Yanks had won the pennant with
109 victories to the Tigers 101 and went on to crush the Reds in the World
Series 4 game to 1.

By the way, in that year the box seats cost $3.50, reserved
went for $2.50, the grandstand $1.50 and the bleachers were 75 cents! Parking
cost $1.00 and a program went for 15 cents. They served Ballantine beer and the
hot dogs went for 25 cents 

Times are a bit different these days. After many years of
success, the Yankees have become an incredible attraction. They are drawing
fans at an incredible pace over the last number of seasons, and this year,
2008, they also will draw over 4.3 million. It wasn’t always like that. Back in
1961 they led the league with an attendance of 1,745,725 or 21,444 per game.
But to be fair, in those years they played a number of double headers,
especially on the holidays like July 4th

The Depression did not hurt attendance in the Bronx as badly as their neighbors in the other Boroughs
because of their great lineup of stars, winning ways, and bigger ballpark. But,
also in the war year of 1943, with people working double shifts in war plants,
attendance shrunk to only 618,330 and they still led the league! After the war,
baseball fan interest erupted, and the Yankees started a remarkable run of five
years of 2 million plus fans in 1946. That explosion in fan interest peaked
with a then New York City
baseball record of 2,373,901 in 1948, a year where the Yanks finished in 3rd
place. In those five years they drew 11,183,406 fans to the Bronx.
The Yankees would not match those numbers again until 30 years later
(1976-1980).

So finding parking, getting into the Stadium and moving
around inside the ballpark is an incredible effort. Dana wanted to go to Monument Park in left center field. In the old
Stadium, before its overhaul in 1974-5 there was no monument park, just
bleachers. Way out in centerfield were three large marble monuments dedicated
to the memory of Miller Huggins, Lou Gehrig and Babe Ruth. As the years went by
the Yankees put bronze plaques on the walls near the monuments, and in the
1950’s and 60’s, after the game, one could walk across the vast Yankee Stadium
outfield, out to the 467 foot mark on the wall and then exit on to 161st
Street. But unfortunately thousands of others had the same idea and by the time
we reached the entrance far back in the recess of left field, the park was
closed. 

A bit dejected, we fought and squeezed our way through the
mass of Yankee faithful and eventually found our Field Box seats in Section 15,
box 53K.
We settled in with our sandwiches, peanuts, pretzels, bottles of water we
purchased outside, to what would prove to be another long afternoon of
frustration. Unfortunately, as it is widely known, the Yankees have been
playing dull and uninspiring baseball all year. Against the lowly, lack luster
Kansas City Royals, who had defeated them the two nights before, they could
hardly scratch out a run. By the 9th inning when we headed home the
score was 2-2 and it would take the Yanks to the 13th inning to
finally eke out a victory. They had left many, many, runners on base, could
obviously not hit in the clutch and overall looked pretty miserable for a team
with a $200 million dollar payroll. But Yankees Stadium had another sellout of
over 54,000 and it remains America’s
biggest cash register. Meanwhile the weather was beautiful, it was filled with
many fans who were obviously guests of ticket holders that chose not to come to
the ballpark and nobody seemed to complain. The amount of people with Yankee
logo shirts and hats was incredible. The Stadium was like a sea of dark blue,
with every type of shirt and hat imaginable. I am not immune to fan silliness,
and I always where my white Yankee hat with its blue brim, which is festooned
with all sorts of metal pins commemorating Yankee feats from the past.

But, it wasn’t like the old days when the park was filled
with smaller crowds of hardcore fans who would vent their frustrations and
anger with noisy catcalls, boos, and hardy invectives. Those days seem to be
over at the moment. This generation of fans enjoys the atmosphere of a
“happening” and the score seems secondary to most. The ballpark certainly wasn’t
rocking, and maybe that could be attributed to the score and the lack of real
action. These types of Saturday afternoon Yankee fans are the more gentile and
laid back variety with their young kids in tow or their girl friends and they
are more interested in eating hotdogs then chugging beer. Dana wanted to stay
until the 9th inning, which we did, and then we made our way out to
the parking lot, took some pictures of the new Stadium and made our way to the
car. Most of the cars were still in the lot, and getting out was a lark. Our
escape from that steel and concrete edifice was seamless and and in no time we
were back on the Grand Concourse.    

PS:  Our Visit to Coney Island

Dana is a real adventurer at heart and not only did she
venture this spring to Israel on her own, but just the other day she took the
train into New York, made her way down to the Battery Park and took a boat ride
to the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. In all my years here I have yet to
do that. She asked me to go along, but for some silly reason I declined.

The next day we were talking and I had some regrets that I
didn’t go with her to see the Lady in the Harbor. So I suggested that we drive
out to Coney Island. So without any real
planning, we hopped in the car, and headed down the Saw
Mill River
to the West Side and the Brooklyn Battery
Tunnel. The trip was uneventful and we passed “ground zero” and the new Stuyvesant High School, which when built, was the
most expensive secondary school constructed in the world. Interestingly the old
Stuyvesant High
School, built between, 1905-7 was located at 345 E.15th Street
and my father, who lived on Kelly
Street in the Bronx,
commuted there every day. Later on he told me it was his greatest mistake. My
father was friendly with at one time with George Raft, the famous actor, who
was originally from Washington
Heights. He also was a
graduate of Stuyvesant
High School, but was nine
years older than my father, who was born in 1904. My father “hung out” with a
wannabe actor named George Repp, who was friendly with Raft, who was a dancer
with a stage act at Texas Guinan’s saloon, the 300 Club, located at 151 W.54th Street.
She was known for her famous greeting, “Hello suckers!” The police “busted” The
300 Club often for violation of the Volstead Act, and at times for the exposure
of a bit too much epidermis. Guinan always claimed she never sold liquor in her
establishment, but that guests must have brought their own. Unfortunately for Texas, who was born in Waco, and had been a silent film star, known
as the “Queen of the Westerns,” she died at age 49, of amoebic dysentery, in
November, 1933, only one month before the repeal of Prohibition.

As to Raft, in the early 1930s, Tallulah
Bankhead
nearly died following a 5-hour hysterectomy
for an advanced case of gonorrhea, she claimed she got from Raft. Only 70 pounds when
she was able to leave the hospital, she stoically said to her doctor,
“Don't think this has taught me a lesson!”

In 1929 Raft moved to Hollywood and took small roles. His success came in Scarface (1932), and Raft's convincing
portrayal led to speculation that Raft himself was a gangster. He was a close
friend of several top organized crime figures, including Bugsy Siegel,
Owney Madden
(who owned the Cotton Club) and Siegel's suspected killer, Meyer Lansky.
Raft was considered one of Hollywood's most dapper and stylish dressers and he achieved a
level of celebrity not entirely commensurate with the quality or popularity of
his films; Raft became a pop culture icon in the 1930s matched by few other
film stars.

He was definitely one of the three most popular gangster actors of the
1930s, along with James Cagney and Edward G. Robinson (Humphrey
Bogart
never matched Raft's stardom during that decade). Raft and
Cagney worked together in Each Dawn I
Die
(1939) as fellow convicts in prison. His 1932 film Night After
Night
launched the movie career of Mae West
with a supporting part as well as providing Raft's first leading role (Raft and
West would die within two days of each other 48 years later and their corpses
would wind up in the same morgue at the same time.)  By the way, my father’s brush with baseball
immortality came when he played for the “Peg Legs” (Stuyvesant’s school
nickname) against Commerce
High School and the great
Lou Gehrig.

As to the Brooklyn Batter Tunnel, Robert Moses, whose career
was remarkably chronicled by Robert Caro in his masterpiece, The Power Broker, wanted to build a
monstrous bridge from Manhattan to Queens, but reason prevailed, or was it powerful
opposition from his only foe that had more power.

Robert Moses, the chairman of the Triborough Bridge Authority, attempted to
scuttle the Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel proposal and have a bridge built in its
place. Many objected to the proposed bridge on the grounds that it would spoil
the dramatic view of the Manhattan
skyline,
reduce Battery Park
to minuscule size and destroy what was then the New York Aquarium at Castle
Clinton
. To spite everyone in New
York who loved the Aquarium, Moses shut it down for
years (1941-1957) as he obfuscated and delayed the tunnel’s plans. Of course he
was opposed to the tunnel because it wouldn’t fall under his control, and his
brother was a world famous tunnel designer, and he hated him.

Moses remained adamant, and it was only an order from President Franklin D. Roosevelt, via military
channels, which restored the tunnel project, on the grounds that a bridge built
seaward of the Brooklyn Navy Yard would prove a hazard to
national defense. This edict was issued in spite of the fact that the Manhattan
Bridge
and the Brooklyn Bridge were already seaward of the
Navy Yard. By the way FDR was ably assisted by wife Eleanor, who wrote a
scathing piece in her My Day column about
the “bridge” concept and Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes who took on the
mighty Moses when no one else would or could.

Meanwhile, the 9117 foot long tunnel, the longest in North
America, was designed by Ole Singstad
and partially completed when World War II brought a halt to construction.
After the War, Moses's Triborough Bridge Authority was merged
with the Tunnel Authority, allowing the new Triborough Bridge and Tunnel
Authority
to take over the project. Moses directed the tunnel
completion, by 1950, with a different method for finishing the tunnel walls.
This resulted in leaking and, according to author Caro, the TBTA fixed the
leaks by using a design almost identical to Singstad's original. Moses was a
stubborn bastard who basically opposed the tunnel because he wouldn’t have been
able to control the project’s revenue.

Once on the other side of the tunnel we approached the Prospect Expressway
which was jammed by the usual construction, but made our way around and
eventually we merged into Ocean Parkway, 100 block long and 210 foot wide
thoroughfare that was originally conceived by Frederick Law Olmstead, who
created Central Park, Prospect Park, and the Eastern Parkway. The roadwork was
started in 1874 and completed by 1880. Houses started to be built around 1900
and horse racing was even held there until gambling was banned in 1908.

Once on that magnificent road, there was heavier traffic then I would have
normally expected. But we moved along, and within ten minutes or so we covered
the five mile stretch and drove under the Belt Parkway and into Coney
Island. It was once an island that was separated from the mainland
by Coney Island Creek. (It was called Conyne Eylandt, a Dutch name for Rabbit Island
back in the mid 1600’s.)  But the land
was filled in to support the Belt
Parkway and it is now a peninsular, and only an
island in name. Of course, Coney Island’s most famous attraction, aside from
the beach and the Cyclone Roller Coaster, a thrill ride that dates back to
1927, is the original Nathan’s Famous Hot Dog restaurant, which still sits on
the corner of Surf and Stillwell. It is not only the home of the best “hot
dogs” on earth, but is the venue where the world’s most famous frankfurter
eating contest is held in front of thousands of local fans and millions more on
television.

The 93rd annual contest was held this past July 4, 2008. Six-time champion Takeru
“Tsunami” Kobayashi
and defending champion Joey Chestnut,
were tied with 59 hot dogs eaten after the new ten-minute time limit, but
Chestnut prevailed by winning a five-dog “eat off” held immediately after the
contest. Both the contest and the eat-off were televised live on ESPN, which has held the
broadcast rights for this event since 2004.

We arrived a bit early for lunch, so we made our way to the famous boardwalk
and made our way over to Astroland, the Ferris wheel and the Cyclone, one of
the oldest roller coasters still left. Dana was game for a ride, but I wasn’t
up for the action, and the $8 cost seemed extreme. So we sauntered around like
real tourists, took a number of pictures and we played a couple of skeeball
games, and was roundly beaten by Dana. It was a bit empty, but there were a
number of kids with their day camp shirts, a few Russian gals with their
bikinis and some teenagers shooting paint ball guns at a poor victim in
protective garb with a shield. It was an interesting experience, and we decided
to make our way back to Nathan’s for the obligatory “hotdogs.” We only had one
“dog” apiece.

After our gastronomic delight we headed back to Surf Avenue, turned around and headed
back under the “El” to Brighton
Beach, which is locally
known as “Little Odessa.” Brighton Beach was dubbed “Little Odessa” by the
local populace long ago, due to many of its residents having come from Odessa, a city
of Ukraine.
In 2006,
Alec Brook-Krasny was elected for the 46th
District of the New York State Assembly, the first elected
Soviet-born
Jewish
politician
from Brighton Beach.

Brighton Beach was developed by William A. Engeman as a
beach resort in 1868, and was named in 1878 by Henry C.
Murphy
and a group of businessmen in an 1878 contest; the winning
name evoked the resort of Brighton,
England
. The centerpiece of the resort was the large Hotel Brighton (or
Brighton Beach Hotel), placed on the beach at what is now the foot of Coney Island Avenue and accessed by the
Brooklyn, Flatbush, and Coney Island Railway, later known as the BMT Brighton
Line
, which opened on July 2, 1878. The village was annexed into the 31st Ward of the City of
Brooklyn
in 1894.

There’s not much that meets the eye as one travels down Brighton Beach Avenue. A good deal of
their shopping lies shadowed by the “El” tracks that looms like some giant iron
beast overhead. On this bright day prisms of light checkered the road and the
sidewalks as strollers and shoppers weaved their way in and out the various
shops that line both sides of the street. Finally when one escapes the eerie
light patterns of the “El” the rest of Brighton Beach
opens up, and one can see the beach on the right along with the expensive high
rises and the better stores and restaurants on the left.  This area is famous for Russian, Ukrainian
and other eastern European cuisine and delicacies. Maybe we should have
stopped, but time was of the essence and we didn’t see any places to park
anyway. So our quick spin through the beach front area was over, and I headed
back towards where we started via Coney
Island Avenue which parallels Ocean Parkway. Unlike Ocean Parkway which is purely
residential, Coney Island Avenue
is all commercial. My purpose was to reach Beverley Road, where I was born at number
707, which connects both Coney
Island Avenue and Ocean Parkway, and it is where my parents
lived from 1936 to just after VJ Day, when we moved to Mount Vernon. The apartment building is still
in good shape for an edifice that is at least 70 years old. It doesn’t look
much different from the old black and white pictures my parents took in those
World War II days. There’s little nostalgia for me with that building. I know I
lived there as a pre-toddler, but I know nothing about it from my parents. They
never talked about 707 Beverley Road even though they lived there close to ten
years I believe.

We then headed across Ocean
Parkway to Church Avenue and wound our way over to 13th Avenue
and Borough Park. This neighborhood is home to one
of the largest Orthodox Jewish communities outside
of Israel.
With an estimated population of as many as 250,000 Jews (though estimates vary
drastically and this number is bound to increase in the coming years), which
includes many Hasidic and Hareidi
Jews, Borough Park has one of the largest concentrations of Jews in the United
States and is among the most Orthodox neighborhoods in the world. And
considering the average number of children in Hasidic
and Hareidi
families is close to seven, Borough
Park is experiencing
phenomenal growth.

Its heart lies between 12th and 18th Avenues and 40th and 55th Streets. Boro Park
has grown and expanded so much that the residents define the borders as 8th Avenue to 22nd Avenue and 36th Street to 68th Street. I used
to travel there every once in a while to see a few of my customers when I was
in the textile business. Dana wanted to stop and get a bottle of water, so we
parked on 13th Avenue,
the heart of their shopping area. One can get all sorts of food in that area,
as there are restaurants, and specialty shops sprinkled up and down from 38th Street
to 49th Street.
One can also find an incredible variety of Jewish religious items from Seder
plates to tallit to kepos. I wanted to stop in at D’Rose, a linen store on the
corner of 47th Street,
and see the Rosenblums who I have known for many years. I was able to park in
their driveway, hop out and visit with Mrs. Rosenblum, who was there with a few
of her sons. Unfortunately her husband was in the hospital and their oldest son
was not there. C’est sera! Dana, who was wearing shorts, decided discreetly to
wait in the car. The hello and goodbye lasted five minutes and it was back into
the car as we headed to 12th
Avenue which heads back to Ocean Parkway. We didn’t stop at Linda’s
old home which was located on 50th near 16th Avenue, but I had seen it
many times before. The trip home was a lark. Traffic was very light and before
long we had re-entered Manhattan
and at 2:30 PM we flew up the FDR
Drive in record time. I even decided to take the
Major Deegan north instead of the Bruckner Expressway, and before long we were
back in Westchester. Yes it was an enjoyable
time. It was our first real trip together where it was just the two of us!
Where has all the time gone?     

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Advocates 8-13-08

 

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio
1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

August 13, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

Wednesday, August 13,
2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can
listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to
reach us on the radio.  Our guest today
is the renowned physician Dr. Harry S. Goldsmith, who is the author of the medical/mystery,
“A Conspiracy of Silence, the Health and Death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Harry S.
Goldsmith, M.D., is a renowned practicing surgeon who has invented many
innovative surgical procedures, including those that help victims of spinal
cord injuries and Alzheimer's.

He is a
graduate of Dartmouth
College, and the Boston
University School of Medicine. In his fifty years of practice he has been the
recipient of numerous fellowships, served in the United States Army in Korea as a
Captain, and is a member of many organizations and societies. He is the author
of 225 scholarly medical papers on subjects that vary from cancer to arterial
implantation.

Dr.
Goldsmith is also a devoted medical history buff and in “A Conspiracy of
Silence” takes the reader inside that critical moment in time when
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt was running for an unprecedented fourth
term during World War II. Although there were rumors about his declining health
and telling photos of him at Yalta,
his true medical condition was kept secret. His Vice-president, Henry Wallace,
was popular with the people and a longtime personal friend, but behind the
scenes, Democratic insiders, largely unknown to the general public were
conspiring to drop him from the ticket. Their heavy-handed manipulation of the
1944 convention ultimately led to the nomination of Harry Truman in his stead.
One wonders if they ever realized how their own actions forever changed the
face of America.

Goldsmith's interest in FDR's medical records began in 1963. Years later, he
started looking for them and found at every twist and turn they had been
destroyed or lost. By 1984 he himself was embroiled in a drawn out court battle
for a medical document denied to its legal owner. Even with the backing of FDR's
son, James, the original document was never released. What was the motivation
of all these people, by what right did they take it upon themselves to keep or
destroy historical papers even decades after FDR's death?

Meanwhile, the
mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current
“public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation
legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States
has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public
education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time
great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public
policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation,
state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the
“draft.”

The Program is
sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY.
One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com
and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com.  Next week we will be discussing “Enhancing
Intelligence; Expanding Understanding,” with Robert J. Flower, Ph.D., the
author of “Your Exceptional Mind.”

 
Richard J. Garfunkel


 

 

 

 

 

 

The Advocates- With Robert Schlesinger 8-6-08

 

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio 1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

August 6, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

 

Wednesday, August 6, 2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to reach us on the radio.  Our show is about the book, White Ghost Writers: Presidents and their Speechwriters, with the distinguished author and journalist Robert Schlesinger.

 

Mr. Robert Schlesinger, a U.S.News and World Report deputy editor, oversees all opinion editorial content.  Spearheading the opinion section of www.usnews.com, Schlesinger solicits op-eds from writers and bloggers nationwide. Schlesinger came to U.S.News & World Report as a freelancer and blogger for a variety of publications, including Salon.com, Economist.com, the Huffington Post, and the New York Times Magazine. His work has also appeared in The Washington Monthly, the Weekly Standard, People, Campaigns & Elections, Washington DC Style, DC Magazine, the Washington Examiner, the Boston Globe Magazine, George, and the AARP Bulletin

 

Prior to joining U.S. News, Schlesinger covered national security and public policy issues for the Boston Globe’s Washington bureau. He previously served as chief congressional correspondent at Voter.com, political editor at The Hill newspaper, and researched advisers to presidential candidates at the Center for Public Integrity, co-writing “Under the Influence,” a 1996 report on presidential campaign advisers.  He is also co-founder and co-contributor of the blog, RobertEmmet, which covers topics from national security to entertainment and culture. He teaches political journalism at the Boston University Washington Journalism Center. He lives with his wife in Alexandria, Virginia. A New York City native, he graduated from Middlebury College in 1994.

 

Our show will attempt to explore these questions:

 

·        How important are speechwriters to a president?

·        Who was the first presidential speechwriter

·        Who were the best writers among the presidents?

·        What was it like being the son of Arthur Schlesinger Jr as a father?

·        What made FDR’s team of writers special?

 

Meanwhile, the mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current “public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation, state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the “draft.”

 

The Program is sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY. One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com.  Next week we will be discussing FDR’s health with Dr. HS Goldsmith, author of the book, Conspiracy of Silence, The Sickness and death of FDR.

 

Richard J. Garfunkel

https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com

rjg727@optonline.net 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Advocates- 7-30-08 “Unionization of the White Plains Taxis”

 

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio 1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

July 30, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

 

Wednesday, July 30, 2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to reach us on the radio.  Our show is about “The Unionization of the Taxi Cabs in White Plains, What are the Implications?”

 

Our special guests are Mr. Michael Carriere of District Council 9, Mr. Mario Alfonso, a taxi operator from White Plains, NY and Mr. Glen Hockley, a Member of the White Plains City Council.

 

Mr. Carriere, who has been a Union member for 20 years, came from a Union family. He started a glazier for Local Union 1087 and held many elected positions, before and after, the merger with District Council 9 and the consolidation of Local Unions 206 and 1087.  He is also a strong advocate of apprentice programs, and has contributed his time, and the efforts his union in many charitable projects that include the YMCA rehabilitation in White Plains, food pantries, toys for tots, The Children’s Hospital in Valhalla, various projects in Yonkers and church rehabilitations in Port Chester and Brewster.

 

Mr. Alfonso is a resident of White Plains, and is an owner operator of his own taxi. He has been actively involved in this effort to not only unionize his drivers, but to make sure that the standards regarding drivers, their conduct and dress are improved.

 

 

The some of the issues that will be discussed:

 

·        How did this effort to organize cabdrivers begin?

·        What role did Councilman Glen Hockley play?

·        How is the price of gasoline impacting on taxi service?

·        What role will unionization play in the upcoming years?

·        How has this rich and poor society of the last decade affected the average working man?

 

Meanwhile, the mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current “public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation, state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the “draft.”

 

The Program is sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY.

One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com.  Over the next few weeks we will be discussing politics and especially FDR with Dr. HS Goldsmith and Robert Schlesinger.

 

Richard J. Garfunkel

https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com

rjg727@optonline.net 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Death of Miriam Rosenberg 7-26-08

The Death of Miriam Rosenberg

By

Richard J. Garfunkel

July 26, 2008

 

Yesterday, July 25th, two days before my 39th anniversary, I was informed of the sad news regarding the passing of Miriam Rosenberg, the mother of my great friend Alan.  Miriam, who was every inch a lady,  reminded me greatly of my own mother, Peggy, who died a little over two years ago as she approached her 99th birthday. Both Miriam and my mother represented a generation quickly disappearing from our midst that exuded class, style, and a high level of manners and decency. Both knew how to dress well, speak wonderfully and take care of their family. Their middle name was “responsibility.” Miriam grew up in Mount Vernon, and in 1928 was the first ever Bat Mitzvah in Mount Vernon. She was married to her husband Ben for 54 years and was always strongly committed to the Jewish community of Mount Vernon and the security of Israel.

 

I had the distinct pleasure of meeting Miriam a number of times. Alan grew up in the Fleetwood section of Mount Vernon and since I lived across town near Pelham, our paths did not cross until we met at the YM & YWHA on Oakley Avenue. My first encounter with Alan was probably during the winter of 1959-60 when we contended over a ping-pong game. I was told he was the ping-pong champion of Mount Vernon, and I asked him “how was that possible since you have never beaten me.” From that inauspicious moment, a three game match for the “new” championship of Mount Vernon ensued. All three games went to the limit of 22-20 or above, and frankly I am not sure who won the best of three. It was after that titanic struggle and many basketball games at the “Y” we became friends. Of course, I was a bit wilder than the even-tempered Alan, but we still got along. One of my great memories of our friendship was when we attended the NIT championships, which featured NYU, his school, and the eventual winner Brigham Young University. Alan took me in the locker room and I met their two stars, the famous Mal Graham, the great basketball star from White Plains HS and Bruce Kaplan a terrific player from Brooklyn’s Madison HS. Over the years we have attended baseball games at Yankee Stadium and basketball games at the Madison Square Garden, the Meadowlands, and the County Center.

 

Eventually I met his mother, when I barged into his apartment one morning to the chagrin and surprise of his housekeeper, who warned me that he was still asleep. That didn’t deter me and after I rustled him out of bed, I got my first lesson in the Jewish ritual of laying tefillen. For some reason, I had never seen that practice even in a book. But after his prayers, he showered, dressed and his mother invited me to have some breakfast. Around this time I also met his father Ben, who was a well-known CPA and worked for the State of New York. In his room, one could readily see the nexus of Alan’s passion for collecting sport’s memorabilia. I can easily recall seeing all of the Willie Mays pictures on his walls. If one visited his office in Manhattan or Scarsdale or his basement in New Rochelle, one could marvel at how his collection has grown exponentially. It is like being in the Hall of Fame of every sport, and I never tire viewing his treasures. 

 

At times I would see Miriam at Alan’s home and again when I was invited to attend Alan’s second Bar Mitzvah, about ten years ago, at the new location of Congregational Brothers of Israel (CBI) on Crary Avenue. By the way, in Mount Vernon’s first synagogue was built, in 1892, and it was the Congregation Brothers of Israel. CBI eventually found a home on 8th Avenue and First Street, and remained there for many years until 1980. They had a number of rabbis, and Alan’s grandfather Morris J. Rosenberg, served as an acting rabbi there in the 1930’s. He also read Torah there from 1910 through 1952. CBI eventually moved from the south side of Mount Vernon and up to a year ago or so it resides in a former church on Crary Avenue and next to the old Sinai Temple location, which is also now a church.

 

Alan and his mother had a marvelous relationship and from my perspective there was never a more loving and concerned son. After the passing of Alan’s father a number of years ago, and the period of paralysis and death of his brother Lenny, Alan was a great supportive force for his mother. This special relationship was quite evident during our last meeting over the weekend of our high school’s 40th class reunion. I had the distinct pleasure of eating lunch with Alan and his mother at the Marriot, and I was quite impressed with her memory of me. She was in her late 80’s at that time, still quite sharp, elegantly dressed, and wonderful company. My wife Linda eventually joined us and had the same impression.

 

For the last three years Miriam was a resident of the Hebrew Home for the Aged, and Alan was always there for her. His dedication and concern should be an example for all to follow. One can also find her obituary in Saturday’s edition of the Journal News at www.lohud.com .

 

The Advocates – with Doug Garr, talking about presidential politics 7-23-08

   

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio 1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

July 23, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

 

Wednesday, July 23, 2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to reach us on the radio.  Our special guest is Mr. Doug Garr, an author, writer, editorial consultant, speechwriter and former Editorial Director of the New York State Urban Development Corporation.

Doug Garr, a graduate of Syracuse University’s Newhouse School of Public Communications has written for magazines, newspapers, and CEOs of companies like, JP Morgan, Hewlett-Packard, and Network Appliances. He has written books on Lou Gerstner of IBM, investing, and Silicon Valley. He wrote economic speeches for former Governor Mario Cuomo, and he is currently working on two new books. He has a life-long interest in politics.

The Advocates will focus on “Presidential Politics in the Post FDR Era.”

Mr. Garr and I will discuss some of the pivotal elections, which include the following:

 

·        Truman- Dewey-Wallace-Thurmond, 1948

·        Eisenhower –Stevenson, 1952

·        Kennedy-Nixon, 1960

·        Nixon-Humphrey-Wallace, 1968

·        Carter-Ford, 1976

·        Reagan-Carter-Anderson, 1980

·        Clinton-Bush-Perot , 1992

·        Bush-Gore, 2000

 

 

Meanwhile, the mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current “public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation, state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the “draft.”

 

The Program is sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY.

One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com.  Over the next few weeks we will be discussing politics and especially FDR with authors, Doug Garr, Dr. HS Goldsmith and Robert Schlesinger.

 

Richard J. Garfunkel

 

 

 

 

 

Freedom of the Press and the Fairness Doctrine -July 18, 2008

Freedom of the Press and the Fairness Doctrine

 

Richard J. Garfunkel

July 18, 2008

 

As usual when it comes to Freedom of the Press issues, Mr. William O’Shaughnessy, the President of Whitney Radio, is in the forefront of the battle. With regards to this issue, it may not be as complicated as it once was thought to be. As most people with a half a wit about them know, Freedom of the Press is not only an international issue of titanic proportions, but its nexus and birth came about not more than a few miles from the WVOX-WVIP studios. John Peter Zenger is well regarded as the progenitor of the issue, which arose over a tainted election held at the Saint Paul’s Church in what is now the city of Mount Vernon back in 1735. It was there, under the so-called watchful eye of the then Governor William Cosby that electoral indiscretions were observed and recorded by reporter and publisher Zenger. He was later arrested for reporting the “truth” as he witnessed it, and was counseled in court ably by his Philadelphia lawyer Andrew Hamilton. (The term “Philadelphia Lawyer” became synonymous with the definition of an excellent lawyer.) As it was reported, his arrest, and incarceration, ended on August 5, 1735, as twelve New York jurors returned a verdict of “not guilty” on the charge of publishing “seditious libels,” despite the Governor's hand-picked judges presiding. Hamilton had successfully argued that Zenger's articles were not libelous because they were based on fact. Zenger published a verbatim account of the trial as A Brief Narrative of the Case and Trial of John Peter Zenger (1736). “No nation, ancient or modern, ever lost the liberty of speaking freely, writing, or publishing their sentiments, but forthwith lost their liberty in general and became slaves” stated Zenger. Because of this landmark action, the concept of Freedom of the Press, became imbued

.

Since those days we have, to a degree, a free and unfettered press. But, of course, many of us know that from those early days of the pre-revolutionary period, up until the struggle for freedom from Britain, the American-style newspaper played the pivotal or even a monopolistic role in the “information delivery” business. There were other forms of communication, the church pulpit, pamphleteering, broadsides, and public debate. But in those days, the printed news reigned supreme. But for sure, most of the newspapers, in the wake of the revolution, and the establishment of our republic, became political and therefore philosophical organs of their owner’s beliefs. Certainly the philosophical division between the Jeffersonians and the Federalists led to our first real political differences, beyond classic regional needs and issue of slavery. Therefore, these disparate voices and views were articulated mostly in party-supported newspapers. The issue of “freedom of the seas,” and the continuing struggle between Great Britain and France led to feelings that the Jeffersonians were Jacobists, and the Federalists, led by John Adams, were for conservatism and isolationism. The animosities from both sides were most often and affectively spewed forth from their “party-controlled” press. 

 

Therefore in the age when the “printed word” was king, politics and written opinion were married either in an unholy alliance of strange bedfellows, or with their own hired sycophants. So Freedom of the Press was to a degree, more or less illusionary, because it was more conventionally used to promote a vested political interest. Of course, there is nothing inherently wrong or sacred about that reality. Ironically, today the press, both written and electronic, is still a captive of its advertisers and the politically correct police. Media is always loath to alienate large segments of the population, whether they are gender, racial, religious, or sexually oriented. The so-called “liberal” reforms, which the “right” decries, especially in the workplace, did not come from altruistic legislation alone, or bleeding-heart judges, but the fear of litigation, and secondary boycotts. So it was not our representatives that forced insurance companies to give “domestic partnership” status to people living together, without the sanctification of marriage, but demands from potential customers and clients.  was not our legislature that put “gays” on television in sit-coms and reality-based shows!

 

Therefore, the concept of Freedom of the Press is not as pure as the driven snow, but it still maybe our strongest freedom. Unlike Freedom of Speech, which means little if  one’s own home or backyard, where one can almost yell epithets to the high heavens, Freedom of the Press has the unique multiplier affect of reaching large multitudes of people. Therefore this power has the ability to affect public policy even on a worldwide basis. Any student of history can relate the power and affect of Gutenberg’s printing press. Many people regard his invention as one of the most critical and important in recorded history. Therefore, one can look at Benjamin Franklin’s early life and learn how he was able to make a small fortune by creating one of America’s first newspaper chains. Without embellishment, we all understand the old saying by George Santayana, “those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat.” In the same way “those who control the past, control the present and therefore will dominate the future.”  There is ample evidence of the power one can derive from controlling the “message.” Of course, with that in mind, we want a dispersed and independent media, which falls not under the control, or monopoly of one man, or movement. We want an unfettered “free” press, which is able to express its own views and opinions. But is that a bit too sophomoric? Is that just an idealistic, honor’s class view of the real world.

 

Of course, there is a “free” press and Freedom of the Press. My sense is that a “free” press, is a press that is independent and unfettered by editorial influence fulminated by sponsors. It was not long ago that Albert Camus said, “A free press can of course be good or bad, but, most certainly, without freedom it will never be anything but bad… Freedom is nothing else but a chance to be better, whereas enslavement is a certainty of the worse.” On the other hand, basically means that the government can make no law to inhibit its editorial view, or what it wishes to report. But government has often controlled what it could depict. Magazines, books, newspapers, and other periodicals were limited by censorship laws regarding language and depiction. In fact, up until the 1930’s and in the late1950’s, when first the Supreme Court declared that the novel Freedom of the PressUlysses was not obscene and later that Lady Chatterley’s Lover also was not prurient, censorship regarding the printed word was rife. Newspapers were no freer to publish obscene language or graphic sexual descriptions than were books. Motion pictures also fell under their industry’s Hays Code in the early 1930’s and these restrictions on content lasted until the 1970’s.

 

In the same sense, commercial radio, and later television were also subject to strict and wide censorship. On the publicly licensed “free” channels, censorship is still strict, and violators like Howard Stern and the NFL have been heavily fined for indiscreet content, language, or partial nudity. Of course, all of these above issues are probably more of an issue of Freedom of Speech or expression, and not Freedom of the Press. In Jefferson’s day the issue of a free press was not as complicated, and the era of the telegraph, motion pictures, radio, television, and the Internet were generations far into the future.

 

As media expanded, including the emergence of the nationwide newspaper chains, like Scripps-Howard, Hearst, Gannett and others, the expression of editorial power became more exquisite. Obviously Hollywood, radio, and the newspapers, including the news distribution services; AP, UPI, INS, Reuters, were controlled by a tiny group of individuals and they quite often controlled what was seen, broadcasted, or printed. Apropos of that reality, William Randolph Hearst arrogantly stated to his paid artist-in-residence in Cuba, the famous painter Frederic Remington, “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war.”

 

The small independent radio station, newspaper publisher, or studio, could hardly be seen, no less heard, above the roar and reach of the powerful. These powerful and loud “voices” were not controlled by political machinery or a specific party. They were controlled by a small group of individuals who had their own financial, and or, social agenda. Therefore, these individuals could easily and legally use both their editorial power to promote their own interests, or their news reporting to possibly slant the news. Is Rupert Murdock much different than a Hearst, a Roy Howard, a Cissy Patterson, or a Colonel McCormick? As the author and wit AJ Liebling said, “Freedom of the press is guaranteed to those who own one.”

 

No one had or has the legal power to force them to devote one line of their valuable space to serve some “equal time” master. Obviously, some newspapers did devote some of their Op-Ed pages to diverse and diverging views. I am sure they also allowed some critical “letters to the editor” to reach their readers. But frankly, Freedom of the Press basically allowed them to do with their space what they wished to do, plain and simple. There was no hue and cry, others were always free not to buy their paper, or raise the capital to finance another. The marketplace up until mid-century, allowed quite often a multiplicity of newspapers to be available for public scrutiny. But one always had the right to be turned off, and go elsewhere. Unfortunately, in the one paper town, there are few viable alternatives.

 

As the visual electronic media roared into the public ken, in and around 1949, television started to overwhelm all of the other existing media. Newspaper readership declined. Large chains battered by the Depression, who survived and prospered during the “demand for news” era of the late New Deal and the onset and full fury of the 2nd World War, found the post war market place more demanding. Television, with Hopalong Cassidy, Milton Berle, along with others, started to attract incredible audiences. In the wake of that attraction, Big Bands, who were hurting because of large traveling expenses, went broke, the Hollywood studio system started to quickly erode, and newspaper chains and their ownership, began to consolidate. Even radio, which had been in excellent shape for decades, started to feel the pressure as all their stars like; Burns and Allen, Jack Benny, Bob Hope and others bailed out for the lucrative television medium. Newspapers obviously are still surviving, but as advertisers started to cut back, and the huge old department stores started closing, newspapers started to feel acutely the threat of the competition from the Internet. Today the average age of a newspaper reader is calculated at 60! Purchasing through the Internet is soaring and the information they provide is instantaneous.

 

In the not so distant past, the three dominant networks were monopolizing their venue of communication. Along with this powerful audience, their news departments started to grow more important and profitable. Opinion generated from these networks took on great cachet and influence. Unlike newspapers, these networks were granted expensive and renewable Federal licenses by the FCC, an arm of the United States government. They were also much more censured and their content was highly regulated. Unlike books, which could print or depict virtually anything, or movie industry that had disbanded the Hays Office for self-censorship, the television networks were afraid to risk renewal of their important and incredibly valuable licenses.

 

Eventually this domination over their “captive” audience attracted cries for editorial “fairness” and balance. In the era before the onset of cable television, as the networks vied for an edge in viewership for their lucrative news shows, they started to integrate editorial opinion into their news schedule. To many this was like “Big Brother” talking in 1984. It was for many, well-meaning folks on the right and the left, a form of “newspeak” created right out of George Orwell’s fertile mind.

 

Ironically, in those early days when television was exploding into the living rooms all over America, the Fairness Doctrine came into our lexicon and law, because of the anti-Communist fervor emerging in 1949. Eventually certain of its provisions were inculcated into the existing FCC regulations. The regulations never required “equal time” to be devoted to any one or many issues, but it required broadcasters to set aside some of their broadcast time to the discussion of subjects of public concern. It also encouraged the airing of opposition views. After a number of legal challenges, the case of Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC was decided in the Supreme Court. The Court upheld the law in the case of an “on-air attack.” The court had ruled against this type of public policy with regards to the press. Because the press was considered so wide-spread and universal, any abridgement of its right to control its own reportage was considered an infringement of Freedom of the Press.

 

But, because radio stations had access to a limited competitive venue, the Court said that radio could be regulated regarding “fairness.”  Interestingly the US Supreme Court dealt with the Fairness Doctrine over the issue of licensing.

A license permits broadcasting, but the licensee has no constitutional right to be the one who holds the license or to monopolize a… frequency to the exclusion of his fellow citizens. There is nothing in the First Amendment which prevents the Government from requiring a licensee to share his frequency with others…. It is the right of the viewers and listeners, not the right of the broadcasters, which is paramount.

U.S. Supreme Court, upholding the constitutionality of the Fairness Doctrine in Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC, 1969

 

Mr. Dooley, as written by Peter Finley Dunne, famously said, “No matter whether the country follows the flag or not, the Supreme Court follows the election returns.” Therefore as the country chose Ronald Reagan, and a GOP dominated Congress, the Courts started to follow the rhetoric of the right. But, ironically in 1984, Justice William J. Brennan, a renowned liberal, wrote for the majority opinion, noting that the Fairness Doctrine was “chilling speech.” FCC Chairman Mark S. Fowler, a Reagan supporter began to repeal parts of the Fairness Doctrine. In 1986, Appeals Court Judges Robert Bork and Antonin Scalia wrote that the Fairness Doctrine did apply in certain cases, but the FCC was not required to enforce it. Eventually it was abolished by the FCC with a 4-0 vote in 1987. Any efforts from Congress to bring back a modified Fairness Doctrine have been thwarted by a Reagan veto, and a threatened veto by George H.W. Bush. Even though the “personal attack” and the political editorial” rules stayed on the books until 2000, they were difficult to enforce. Eventually they were removed by a ruling by a US Court of Appeals decision in the District of Columbia Circuit. But times again do change, and there are now current efforts to bring back the Fairness Doctrine in the next Congress. Of course this action is violently opposed by conservatives. Will this effort to re-instate the Fairness Doctrine succeed if the Democrats control Congress and the White House? Who can tell?

 

In light of the vast amount of choices provided by cable television and the Internet, the argument regarding the Fairness Doctrine may have become antiquated. Obviously conservatives, who dominate talk radio, want no part of sharing their venue. Most moderates, progressives, and liberals would blanch when they are made aware that Laura Ingraham, The Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Times oppose the re-instatement of a Fairness Doctrine. Is it no surprise that Judges like Robert Bork and Antonin Scalia opposed that doctrine? Of course, the question is why? Is it that they are just “strict constructionists,” who see any infringement on speech as a violation of the Constitution? It is interesting that strident voices, of who some might call the “lunatic fringe” of the right, are supported by moderates on this issue. One could also ask very pointedly, why is it that these right-wingers on the radio are so popular. Of course, my sense is that the conservatives in our midst feel uncomfortable with the obvious changes in our society, and wish to publicly grouse about it. In their lifetimes they have experienced the change from the progressive and liberal oriented New Deal through the inclusive Great Society, a period of twenty-five years, to a more conservative era where their leaders and ideas have failed. What has changed for the right? Do they have a balanced budget? No! Have they rolled the clock back on foreign adventurism? No! Have they reversed the so-called intrusive gains of the civil rights movement? No! Have they cleaned up the movies, the magazines, the literature, the language? Obviously not! There is more to hear and see today then ever. Have they driven the “gays” underground? No! In fact, many even admit that their own family members are gay! Have they put women back in the three “Ks,” – (German- Kirche, kuche, and kinder) or in English, the church, the kitchen and the nursery? No! Have they increased religious attendance and worship? No! Have they made abortion illegal? No! But it is really amazing that a vast amount of Americans believe that the earth is flat, that faith-healing works, in creationism, in space creatures, and the literal interpretation of the Bible. There are large numbers who believe that we never landed on the moon. It would be healthy that all 6th graders in America be forced to see Frederic March and Spencer Tracy in “Inherit the Wind.”  In fact, United States Senators Vitter and Craig, staunch conservatives, who will soon be retired by their constituents, will join a long list of GOP sexual offenders who have suffered the same fate. How ironic is it that most conservatives favor and support censorship. How ironic is it that the Catholic Church sponsored a censorship list for decades. How ironic is it that the right wing has opposed the expansion of “freedom of expression” at every cultural turn. It was not long ago that our faux “hero” of the 9/11 tragedy, our famous former Mayor wanted to close down the Brooklyn Museum because he was offended by a work of art. I saw the so-called work of art, and I was unimpressed by its quality, but I wouldn’t support the closing or the de-funding of the museum. Wasn’t that censorship? In fact, if the Mayor hadn’t opened his hypocritical mouth, no one would have even paid attention to that forgettable piece. But the former Mayor has his own moral “cross to bear.”  Remember it was a famous newspaperman named Horace Greeley, who once said, “I never said all Democrats were saloon keepers. What I said was that all saloon keepers were Democrats.”  So the publisher’s sickle can cut both ways!

 

As to the failure of leadership, over the last 35 years we have seen the self-destruction of Richard Nixon, which led to big Democratic gains in Congress, and Jimmy Carter. Though I dislike the former President Carter intensely, his 1979 speech on energy was right on the money that is “petro” dollars. We then had the big guy from California, Ronald Reagan and his reign of tax cuts and deregulation for the rich, which led to the Savings & Loan Scandal, incredible deficits, and an average of 7.5 % unemployment for seven out of his eight years in office. Certainly Reagan never really fought against abortion rights or cultural diversity. We are finally left with twelve years of the two Bush twins. I can’t say much more about them. The older one was the poster child of the “Peter Principle,” and the younger one is arguably in the class of Warren Harding, and a few others, like Millard Fillmore and Franklin Pierce who share proudly the mantle of abject failure and scorn. By the way, the court houses have been jammed with Nixon, Reagan and Bush appointees. So one could easily understand the frustration of the conservatives, and therefore see easy justification regarding their thirst for right-wing, radio clap-trap. How can any station justify paying a provocateur like Bob Grant unless there was a ready and large audience drooling for his brand of fascism.       

 

Meanwhile, back to the subject at hand, the concept of giving equal time to rebut a specific editorial statement or a personal attack, which was broadcasted on one of the three networks, may have had some justifiable appeal in a previous era. Those networks had a vast viewing audience and therefore they had a quasi-monopoly on the dissemination of opinion. Today it may be just a case of a new statute being unenforceable. I, for sure, am opposed to a new bureaucracy of “thought police.” One could easily spend the whole day rebutting the editorial comments on FOX News that poses for reporting. I am sure no one really cares. I say live, and let live. If FOX News wishes to say what it wishes to say, so be it. If you are offended watch something else. If you think that they are brainwashing their audience, get a life. Their audience knows what it wants. Also, in a sense, the whole issue may fall into the category of “censorship.” In the same way, the courts have allowed great leeway in subject matter to be aired.. I am personally against most censorship for persons over 14 years of age. Anyway, it should be the role of the parent. If the parent is incapable of setting decent standards for their child, then we as a society must live with the consequences. The jail population reflects that end. We have more people in prison (3 million) than the whole world combined, exclusive of China I believe. Without the Chinese population of 1.3 billion, there are 5.3 billion people left. We currently are the home to about 315 million, counting the undocumented. Therefore we represent only 5.94% of the world’s population and we have more prisoners than the other 5 billion people! Seems like we haven’t changed much after decades of GOP-Dixiecrat rule!

 

In truth, America is a big country with a great deal of resiliency. We have weathered many storms, and our people are made of sterner stuff. They can easily choose what to listen to, and how to think. Therefore I find the struggle over the Fairness Doctrine a battle not worth fighting. Will it come back on the books again, who knows? But I for sure will not add my two cents to its re-birth.

 

 

 

 

The Advocates- Nick Taylor, author of American Made-the WPA 7-16-08

 

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio 1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

July 16, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

 

Wednesday, July 16, 2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to reach us on the radio.  Our special guest is Mr. Nick Taylor, the author of “American –Made, The Enduring Legacy of the WPA, When FDR put the Nation to Work.”

Nick Taylor has written ten books of non-fiction, both solely and in collaboration, on a wide variety of subjects.  His history of the Works Progress Administration, American-Made – The Enduring Legacy of the WPA: When FDR Put the Nation to Work, was published last February to wide acclaim.

Taylor’s other subjects include tournament bass fishing, the Mafia, and life in a small church. His memoir, A Necessary End recounts a baby boomer’s growing concern and care for his parents in their final years.  His story of an intrepid Israeli’s journey into the German neo-Nazi underground, In Hitler’s Shadow, written with Yaron Svoray, was adapted as the HBO feature movie, The Infiltrator, starring Oliver Platt.  His account of a Mafia family in the government’s Witness Protection Program, Sins of the Father, is currently under a motion picture option.  Laser, published in 2000, tells the story of the laser’s true inventor and his thirty-year fight to win the patents that would make him rich.  And he worked with astronaut and Senator John Glenn on the bestselling, John Glenn: A Memoir.

His pro bono work includes four years as president of the Authors Guild, the oldest and largest organization of published writers in the United States, which advocates for authors’ rights.  He is a native of western North Carolina who today lives in Greenwich Village with his wife Barbara Nevins Taylor, who is an investigative reporter for Fox TV’s New York stations Fox 5 and My 9 News.

Mr. Taylor will address some of the following questions:

·        Who was Harry Hopkins and how did he get to run the WPA?

·        What role did the WPA play in preparing us for WWII?

·        Why was the WPA so criticized and by whom?

·        Where was the work of the WPA concentrated?

 

Meanwhile, the mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current “public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation, state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the “draft.”

 

The Program is sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY.

One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com.  Over the next few weeks we will be discussing politics and especially FDR with authors, Doug Garr, Dr. HS Goldsmith and Robert Schlesinger.

 

Richard J. Garfunkel

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Advocates- “Freedom of the Press” with Richard Blassberg 7-9-08

 

“The Advocates”

 With

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio 1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

July 9, 2008

All archived Shows at:

http://advocates-wvox.com

 

Wednesday, July 9, 2008, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting “The Advocates” on WVOX- 1460 AM, or you can listen to the program’s live streaming at www.wvox.com.  One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to reach us on the radio. 

 

Our special guest is Mr. Richard Blassberg, the author of “The Jeanine Machine,” an expose of former Westchester District Attorney Jeanine Pirro.  He is also the Editor-In-Chief of the hard-hitting local newspaper the, The Westchester Guardian.  He was born and raised in the 41st Precinct, “Fort Apache” the Bronx, Richard holds a degree in psychology from Adelphi College, and a law degree from Pace University School of law. A former Youth Board Worker for the City of New York, and Probation Officer for the County of Westchester, he has worked for nearly three decades with formerly home-less, and disadvantaged individuals.

 

The subject of “The Advocates” will be “Freedom of the Press,” and how he sees the small newspaper’s role in the following:

 

1)    Corruption in the courts and the justice system

2)    Justice for the oppressed and forgotten

3)    The growth of layered, duplicative government, and is it out of hand

4)    The game of incestuous politics: elected officials, the courts and law enforcement

 

Meanwhile, the mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current “public policy “issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation legally and traditionally follow. Over the years, the “public policy” of the United States has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation, state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the “draft.”

 

The Program is sponsored by the Green Briar Adult Home, in Millbrook, Dutchess County, NY.

One can find my essays on FDR and other subjects at https://www.richardjgarfunkel.com and one can also see and hear all of the archived shows at: http://advocates-wvox.com.  Next week it will be author Mr. Nick Taylor talking about the critical role the WPA, and its dynamic head Harry Hopkins played in the New Deal recovery.