Israel's Right to Exist Part VI 1-10-09

Israel’s Right to Exist Part VI

1-10-09

 

They lived among different peoples for thousands of years until the Babylonian Captivity and the Roman destruction of the Temple in 70 CE destroyed their country. If any one group, nation state, or people have an historical legacy to a land, it is the Jews in Israel. It was the converted Arabs under their Moslem leaders who came hundreds of years after the Jewish exile by Rome. Even up until there was renewed Jewish interest in Palestine by Theodore Herzl in the 1890's few people live in that area, but always there were Jews. When European Jews showed interest in that region and invested there, with permission and blessing of the Ottoman Turks, who controlled that region for hundreds of years, poor stateless Arabs moved in looking for work, and a better life and reproduced in greater numbers. They had never lived there before most were from the Hashemite Arabian peninsular. Arabs benefited by Jewish investment in Palestine since the 1920’s. What few Arabs lived there from the Napoleonic Era until the WWI did nothing to improve either the land or the region. After Jewish success in the 1920's the grand Mufti and his allies sought to destroy the Jewish settlements and take their work as their own. Were they any different in Gaza after the Israelis left? No!
Israel does not have a “divine right” to exist and no one with any sense has stated that. You are afforded free speech in this country, and if you are opposed to Israel so be it. We, who support Israel, and feel that they are western, and a democracy, believe in religious freedom and toleration. In fact, it was the Arab majority that has abused both Jew and Christian for hundreds of years. The Arabs may have some issues with the Crusaders, but what did the Jews do to the Arabs? The Palestinian people are Arabs by the way, and they look the same, speak the same language, practice the same religion, eat the same cuisine and have the habits as most other Arabs of that region. They are identified as Palestinians as part of a political classification. What have their fellow Arabs done for them? Virtually nothing! They have kept them in refugee camps for 60 years, never assimilated them into the mainstream of their own countries, and kept them as a festering abused group. In fact, since the 2nd World War, they are the only group in the whole world, from that era, which has been left in that condition. Pakistanis, Indians, Hindus, Yemenis, Koreans, Vietnamese, and scores of other displaced people have been re-assimilated into new societies. What happened with the Arab Palestinians, I ask?

Whether one or many believe that Israel has a divine right of existence, or should be representative as the “Chosen” people, or have been too aggressive in their own self-defense, begs the issue. The have a right to a portion of the land through history, the UN sanction, and the ability to hold onto that land. Nation-states are really only a modern convenience that goes back a short period of geological time. Through the millennia, peoples have come and gone. But in the modern era, the world has seen the rise of the nation-state, and generally this nation-state has survived by the will of its own people to insure that survival. I assume Israel will survive because they desperately want to. As to the Arabs and their subsets, they have wanted it both ways. They want the individuality of the nation-state and the collectivity of race (The Arab race) and religion (Muslim) reflective of their convenience. That paradox is an issue for the rest of the civilized world. If the western world wants to tolerate their nation-states with all this dualism, and therefore tolerate their encouragement and exportation of radicalism and terror, something has to give. As to the Arabs, as I have said before, if it weren't for oil, which the west found and exploited for them, they would still be a nomadic people, as Sa'ud described themselves to FDR only 63 years ago. Without oil, they would still be backward captives of their pre-Enlightenment Age culture. But, of course, all peoples can choose their own poison, and if they wish to dwell in the 7th Century so be it. But if that choice intrudes on the peace of the rest of the world, conflicts inevitably arise.

When the Zionist pioneers and settlers, who mostly non-religious Jews, came to Palestine, it was not Arab, but Turkish, and virtually no one lived there, The Arabs didn't own or rule the land! The Jews bought whatever land they lived on! Plain and simple! I told you that in 1922 the land had only 1/16th of today's population. If you were ever there you would see that there is still plenty of open land even with 6.5 millions in today's Israel. You continually insist, with a high level of arrogance the denial of the history of that region in the 20th Century, not the 7th century. The Zionists never were out to destroy Islam and I have never heard one sane Jew talk about the killing of Arabs or the destruction of Islam.

At the start of the 1948 war, the Arab governments and the Mufti's supporters called for the evacuation of Arab towns so that their armies could come in and crush the new born country, and push the Jews into the sea. Those are the cold historical facts. Most of the 800,000 Palestinians left voluntarily and settled in the West Bank. Many went to refugee camps where they have remained today. They could have been assimilated, but weren't. Jordan had ample opportunity to create a Palestinian Country out of the West Bank at any time from 1948 through 1967. Why didn't the Little King (Hussein) do it? He was afraid; because he remembered that his grandfather wanted to make peace with Israel and was assassinated. Same thing happened to Sadat and all the other enlightened Arab moderates!

As to the “stolen land” remark, Hitler and his Nazi brigands often repeated, “When you tell a lie, tell a big one and repeat it often and loud.” Since when have the 100 million Arabs ever really cared about their own? Hamas has destroyed more Palestinian lives by far then all the actions by the IDF. They are a world-wide, recognized terror group, which even most Arab governments shun. But you celebrate their right to hurl 10,000+ missiles at a sovereign state. But when that state retaliates against their leadership, warns the civilian population and attempts to avoid the loss of innocent civilians, you are indignant. These brigands imbed themselves in densely populated civilian areas to hide and shield their nefarious activities. They are killers and it is too bad that the average decent Arab citizen is held hostage to their lies and corruption. As it has been said before, “the last refuge of a scoundrel is patriotism.”

Israel's Right to Exist Part V 1-10-09

Israel's Right to Exist Part V

1-10-09 

 

Again, as I stated earlier in many, many words. Jews have been in that area of the world long before Mohammed existed. In fact, thousands of years before. Israel as a country goes back to the time of Kings Saul, David and Solomon (1000 BCE) .Modern Israel is not much younger then any of the other states in the region. The Ottoman Empire, which emanated from modern Turkey was not Arabic, but certainly Moslem. The Arabs are an amalgam of many peoples who inhabited the lands from the Fertile Crescent to Gibraltar. But in the Mandate Area there were always a continuous presence of Jews, the Jewish religion and its culture. Most of the land in the Mandate Area was uninhabitable and therefore both Egyptian and Turkish absentee landlords were anxious to sell property to immigrant European Jews. Between 1880 and 1914 over 60,000 Jews entered Palestine, mostly from Russia, Galicia, Roumania and Poland. Many settled on wasteland, sand dunes, and malarial marsh, which they drained, irrigated and farmed. Tel Aviv was founded in 1909 on the sand hills outside of Jaffa. These immigrants purchased land piecemeal from European, Turkish and Arab landlords, mostly at extremely exorbitant prices. That transference of land for money has always been accepted legally in the Common Era. Their right to this purchased land has been supported by every level of jurisprudence. For the record in 1922 there were 590,000 Arabs and 84,000 Jews, today there are over 6.5 million people living in Israel (80 % are Jewish) aside from the 1.5 million Arabs in Gaza and the 2.4 million living in the West Bank. The total area of the Palestine Mandate, circa 1947, is 10,421 square miles. The density of that area is 1036 individuals per square mile. In comparison, the State of New Jersey has 8.6 million residents in its 7,417 square miles, or a density of 1159 individuals per square mile.

Jordan, which occupies, since 1921, the largest piece of the original post WWI British Mandate, covers 35,637 square miles and is 17 times larger than the West Bank and Gaza. Its population is mostly Palestinians and its density is 162 individuals per square mile.

There are a few conclusions that could be drawn from those statistics. In 1922 the British Mandate which included today's modern Israel, the West Bank and Gaza, had only 6% of the region's current population. As Jews immigrated into Palestine, they created jobs and wealth. As a result Arabs flocked to the Mandate area to seek work! Besides that dual surge in population, it was no where near over-populated. The same area today has the density of New Jersey, and Jordan, a country of mostly Palestinian Arabs has a density of only 162 which 15% the density of the 1947 Mandate area. The real Palestinian State is the Kingdom of Jordan!

In 1905, Neguib Azoury, an Arab representative at a meeting in Paris to discuss Arab nationality, stated, “The reawakening of the Arab nation and the growing Jewish efforts at rebuilding the ancient monarchy of Israel on a very large scale – these two movements are destined to fight each other continually, until one of them triumphs over the other.”

Between 1886 and 1914 Jewish settlements were attacked by Arab bands. But there was some enlightenment in the Arab world, and in a 1919 letter to Professor Felix Frankfurter of the Harvard Law School ( Later a long-time Justice of the United States Supreme Court),
Sherif Hussein, the leader of the Arab world during World War I, welcomed the return of the Jews to Palestine. His son, Emir Feisal, who represented the Arab world in the Paris Peace Conference, had this to say about Zionism: Emir Feisal wrote, “We Arabs especially the educated among us, look with deepest sympathy on the Zionist Movement… We will wish the Jews a hearty welcome… We are working together for a reformed and revised near East, and our two movements complement one another. The movement is national and not imperialistic. There is room in “Syria” for us both. Indeed, I think neither can be successful without each other.” (Quoted by Israel's UN Ambassador Chaim Herzog, November 10, 1975 in response to the Zionism is racism resolution)- see the complete letter below:

DELEGATION HEDJAZIENNE

Paris Peace Conference

March 3, 1919

Dear Mr. Frankfurter:

I want to take this opportunity of my first contact with American Zionists to tell you what I have often been able to say to Dr. Weizmann in Arabia and Europe.

We feel that the Arabs and Jews are cousins in having suffered similar oppressions at the hands of powers stronger than themselves, and by a happy coincidence have been able to take the first step towards the attainment of their national ideals together.

The Arabs, especially the educated among us, look with the deepest sympathy on the Zionist movement. Our deputation here in Paris is fully acquainted with the proposals submitted yesterday by the Zionist Organisation to the Peace Conference, and we regard them as moderate and proper. We will do our best, in so far as we are concerned, to help them through: we will wish the Jews a most hearty welcome home.

With the chiefs of your movement, especially with Dr. Weizmann, we have had and continue to have the closest relations. He has been a great helper of our cause, and I hope the Arabs may soon be in a position to make the Jews some return for their kindness. We are working together for a reformed and revived Near East, and our two movements complete one another. The Jewish movement is national and not imperialist. Our movement is national and not imperialist, and there is room in Syria for us both. Indeed I think that neither can be a real success without the other.

People less informed and less responsible than our leaders and yours, ignoring the need for cooperation of the Arabs and Zionists, have been trying to exploit the local difficulties that must necessarily arise in Palestine in the early stages of our movements. Some of them have, I am afraid, misrepresented your aims to the Arab peasantry, and our aims to the Jewish peasantry, with the result that interested parties have been able to make capital out of what they call our differences.

I wish to give you my firm conviction that these differences are not on questions of principle, but on matters of detail such as must inevitably occur in every contact of neighbouring peoples, and as are easily adjusted by mutual good will. Indeed nearly all of them will disappear with fuller knowledge.

I look forward, and my people with me look forward, to a future in which we will help you and you will help us, so that the countries in which we are mutually interested may once again take their places in the community of civilised peoples of the world.

Believe me,

Yours sincerely,

(Sgd.) Feisal

Therefore, there was ample proof that there was some sincere interest in allowing Jews into the Middle East. The letter is self-explanatory! But times had changed and in the post Feisal Era, people like the Grand Mufti saw opportunities in driving the Jews from Palestine. He learned quickly from the Nazis that scape-goating, along with confiscation of property and wealth from the Jews could add to his power. The inciting of riots, Arab pogroms and religious hatred drove an intractable wedge between these neighboring peoples.

Mr. Gilman has stated correctly that there are now two distinctive claims for the same land. Therefore with that historical anomaly in mind, what was done and what can be done? In 1947 the United Nations voted for partition of the land. The nascent state of Israel was given a “gerrymandered,” truncated and almost indefensible parcel of land that was divided into three sections; one on the coastal plain, one large part in the barely habitable Negev Desert and the last part in the northern mountainous area near the Golan Heights. It was a fraction of the original Mandate area that had earlier included Trans-Jordan. They accepted the conditions set forth by the UN. Ironically if the Arabs had accepted the partition, Israel may have never been able to survive with those truncated borders, and the wish of the Arabs to control Jerusalem would probably have been fulfilled. In fact the borders of 1947 Israel would have been 20 miles from Jerusalem, which would have been internationalized.

But, as history has so vividly reported, the Arabs rejected the UN Partition and the overwhelming vote, and attacked the Jewish settlements and the land that the Jews occupied. Even with six modern armies, they were defeated. The rest is history, and they have been defeated time and time again. Now they have given up on modern armies, and some have turned their pipedream of a Palestinian Irredentia to bands of terrorists who are known as Hamas and Hezbollah. What else is new?

Israel's Right to Exist- Part IV 1-10-09

Israel’s Right to Exist – Part IV

1-10-09

 

Defensible borders depend on one's neighbors. As long as one's neighbors want to kill you, borders have to be fortified and well-kept. Both the French and Germans built their own versions of the Maginot Line in the late 1930's. The question of Alsace and Lorraine were always debatable as Kashmir, the Falklands, Gibraltar, and scores of other places. But the aggressor in the 1930's was not France, but Germany. In the same sense, in 1947, the new Israeli state accepted the partition! Remember! It was the Arab nations that declared war and invaded. They always had access to Jerusalem, which was never holy to Mohammed or his original followers. They had Mecca and never mentioned Jerusalem in the Koran. But their age old antipathy towards the Jews only allowed them to dominate Jews, not to live with or co-exist with them.

 

The borders of the United States and most other nations were established by treaty. I assume the Arabs will wise up one day when their oil starts to play out and accept reality. The Christians eventually abandoned their places in the Holy Lands and gave up on their Crusades. When they learn to get along, educate their people, retreat from religious bigotry, control their violence and turn from terrorism, peace will break out and blossom. Gaza is an armed brigand state, at war with its own people, the West Bank, and Israel, Were the ghetto inmates of the Kasbah of Algiers or even Rome at war with anyone?

Israel, a country founded by a people, who have lived in that region for 5000 years is an aggressor because they wish to survive. This is a tiny country, whose pioneers carved farmland out of barren waterless desert in the 1920's. Virtually all of this land, including the city of Tel Aviv, was unoccupied before WWI. It was unoccupied land owned and purchased from absentee owners living in both Turkey and Egypt. This land was ruled for 400 hundred years by the Ottoman Turks, who were Moslem, and had no problem selling land to Jews, whether they were secular or not, or whether they were born their or immigrants. As I recall, America is a country of immigrants! This country was offered statehood by a UN Declaration and from day one, after accepting the partition of the Mandate area of Palestine, it was under attack. The same people who now call for a “two-state” solution rejected that same solution in 1947 and for decades afterward. This small state has been boycotted, attacked, and pilloried by 100 million Arabs, Moslems all-over the world, and the late Soviet Empire, which armed Syria and Egypt to the teeth. Even with their modern weaponry, and Israel dealing with an arms embargo supported by the Eisenhower administration, it fought against the blockade of its waters and the shutdown of its access to the Suez Canal in 1956. Only the gutless reaction by Eisenhower to the Soviet threat forced the French, British and Israelis out of the Sinai and the Canal region. If the Eisenhower-Dulles Administration had stood up to the Soviets and the Arabs, the world would be different and more peaceful today. Over the years, Israeli know how, technological skill and western thinking, has served it well as an ally against the Soviets for our own American interests and a bulwark against terrorism. Israel is a long-standing democracy with Moslems, and Christian members of its parliament. Over 1 million non-Jews (mostly Arabs, Bahais and Bedouins and Christians) live in complete freedom and peace in Israel. Their religious rights are protected and insured. I was to the Bahai Shrine in Haifa and the Bahais, a Muslim sect, are hunted down in Arab lands. Israel has brought in refugee Jews from Yemen, Syria, Egypt, Morroco, and almost every Arab country where there were treated as virtual slaves for hundreds of years and in more modern times, second-class citizens with virtually no rights. Look at the history of the Casbah in Algiers. Read any of historian.

 

Note this news piece is from today's NY Times, not written by an IDF informant, and copied here without any intention for commercial use. Please note that at some time, right before the Israeli counter-attack on Hamas, over 10,000 rockets were launched against Israel since 2001. Even the most crass and hard-hearted critic of Israel would have to admit that this was more than a provocation. The bottom line is that the Palestinians are divided amongst themselves, and they have not understood how to turn towards the path to peace. Democratic nations do not go to war against each other. More suicide attacks will not bring peace, nor a two-state solution or weaken Israeli or Western resolve. To solve any problem one must confront reality, not dwell in a fantasy land. The women and children of Gaza and the West Bank only have their cynical leaders to blame for their poverty, hunger and isolation. Hatred begets hatred. Yasir Arafat was a leader they chose for decades and he was a common criminal who looted the PLO and the PA for decades. While his wife luxuriated in Paris with his millions, children starved in Jericho. While his brigands desecrated holy sites in East Jerusalem and the West bank, The Mosques of Israel remain protected. I have no argument with Arabs, Moslems, or any other people. I judge all individuals by their actions. We can all agree to disagree on a myriad of problems, but scape-goating Jews over a Congressional recess or blaming Israel for aggression when exercising self-defense is not toleration, but bigotry.
There is an old saying, “in numbers there is strength.” There are a small amount of Jews in the world. They, as a religious group, do not believe in proselytizing, forced conversion or large families. They support birth control, family planning and women's right of choice. Of course not all Jews are in “lock-step” regarding these social and philosophical values, but most are. Golda Meir, the former Prime Minister of Israel said, and I paraphrase, “that if the Arabs loved their children as much as they hate ours, there would be peace.” But again, Jews believe in small families, want to be able to care for their progeny and they have traded off the political expediency of large families and thence power, for the ability to love and care for their own. Therefore, the Jews have been able to love, educate and provide for their own. As Hillel said, in the years before the Common Era, “If I am not for myself, who is for me? And when I am for myself, what am I. And if not now, when?” He also said, “What is hateful to you do not do to your neighbor that is the whole Torah. The rest is commentary.” In a sense, Abraham Lincoln echoed those words in 1859, when he said, “…he who would be no slave must consent to have no slave. Those who deny freedom to others deserve it not for themselves, and under a just G-d, cannot long retain it.” The Golden Rule is echoed in both statements, almost 2000 years apart.

But what Lincoln or Golda Meir or Hillel led the Palestinian Arabs? Their vicious spiritual and secular leader was the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. The Mufti, Hajj Amin Al-Husseini formed the Higher Arab Committee and used a revolt to settle scores with rival Palestinian clans, murdering hundreds of leaders in 11 different clans. It is reported that he met with Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann in September or October of 1937, when Eichmann visited Palestine for a day. Eichmann was investigating the possibility of deporting Jews to Palestine. Reportedly, the Mufti persuaded him against this scheme. However, it is not at all clear that the Mufti was still in Palestine when Eichmann visited. In September or October of 1937, following the murder of the British commissioner for the Galilee, Hajj Amin Al-Husseini and the entire “Higher Arab Committee” fled first to Lebanon and then to Iraq, where he engineered a pro-Axis coup. On May 10, 1941, Husseini, the Mufti in exile, broadcast a Fatwa (religious ruling) calling for a holy war against the British. This speech was carried by Iraq and Axis radio stations. Typically, a major complaint in this Fatwa was that the British profaned the Al-Aqsa mosque and were out to destroy Islam:

So, Hajj Amin Al-Husseini, while in Iraq, conducted a vicious propaganda campaign not only against the Allies, but especially against the Jews in Arabic broadcasts over German radio, calling upon Arabs and Muslims to slaughter the Jews wherever they might be.

In May 15 1943, a letter from Al-Husseini to the German Foreign Minister Joachin von Ribbentrop, requested German intervention in the Balkans especially in Bulgaria to prevent an agreement with Britain and the United States to allow Jews to leave for Palestine. The Mufti noted that the Arabs supported the Axis Power in the hope that they would provide a final solution to the problem of the Jews- the commun enemy of the people of Europe and of the Arab nation. In 1941, Haj Amin al-Husseini fled to Germany and met with Adolf Hitler, Heinrich Himmler, Joachim Von Ribbentrop and other Nazi leaders. He wanted to persuade them to extend the Nazis’ anti-Jewish program to the Arab world.

The Mufti sent Hitler 15 drafts of declarations he wanted Germany and Italy to make concerning the Middle East. One called on the two countries to declare the illegality of the Jewish home in Palestine. Furthermore, “they accord to Palestine and to other Arab countries the right to solve the problem of the Jewish elements in Palestine and other Arab countries, in accordance with the interest of the Arabs and, by the same method that the question is now being settled in the Axis countries.” In other words; out right annihilation.

In November 1941, the Mufti met with Hitler, who told him the Jews were his foremost enemy. The Nazi dictator rebuffed the Mufti's requests for a declaration in support of the Arabs, however, telling him the time was not right. The Mufti offered Hitler his “thanks for the sympathy which he had always shown for the Arab and especially Arab cause, and to which he had given clear expression in his public speeches….The Arabs were Germany's natural friends because they had the same enemies as had Germany, namely….the Jews….” Hitler replied:

Germany stood for uncompromising war against the Jews. That naturally included active opposition to the Jewish national home in Palestine….Germany would furnish positive and practical aid to the Arabs involved in the same struggle….Germany's objective [is]…solely the destruction of the Jewish element residing in the Arab sphere….In that hour the Mufti would be the most authoritative spokesman for the Arab world. The Mufti thanked Hitler profusely.

In 1945, Yugoslavia sought to indict the Mufti as a war criminal for his role in recruiting 20,000 Muslim volunteers for the SS, who participated in the killing of Jews in Croatia and Hungary. He escaped from French detention in 1946, however, and continued his fight against the Jews from Cairo and later Beirut. He died in 1974.

This man was the leader of the Arabs in Palestine. This man is and was a hero to Yasir Arafat and his Fatah movement. This man associated himself with Hitler, the greatest mass murderer in history, and the man who ignited World War II, which resulted in the deaths of 60 million people. This man was the ultimate racist, who thought that people of color were untermenschen, or sub-humans.

But of course the world has a short memory and each new generation must learn history anew. But who teaches it? Is it the revisionists? As Napoleon once said, and I paraphrase, “victors write the history.” In the Arab lands they write their own history and text books, and all outsiders are infidels in many of their state edited books. Is this representative of pluralistic society?

Of course this is what anti-Semitism encourages. It fans the flames of hatred. When individuals side with Hamas, a band of murderous brigands, and say they are only “freedom fighters,” you had better watch out be aware of what they really mean.

Israel's Right to Exist- Part III 1-10–09

Israel’s Right to Exist- Part III

1-10-09

 

The harsh reality is that oil, at the moment, and for the discernible future dictates policy. The Israeli bashers, who say they are not anti-Semites, fool no one. Israel has a right, as any other state to exist and have defensible borders. World history and law has always sided with the right of self-defense. But for the Jew-haters, self-defense is always disproportionate.

The Arab world has had many opportunities to come into the modern political world described by the Atlantic Charter, authored by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill at the Atlantic Conference, held in Argentia Bay in the summer of 1941. This document articulated the Four Freedoms enunciated in President Roosevelt's State of the Union address in January of 1941. These rights were later articulated in the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights. When and where have the governments of the Arab lands adhered to these universally accepted principles?

As I stated earlier, whether Israel existed or not, the problems between Sunni and Shiite, Kuwait and Iraq, Iraq and Iran, and secularists and the Muslim Brotherhood would still exist. Does anyone wonder why Hamas won control in Gaza, or Hezbollah dictates policy in Lebanon? Does anyone not think that in a free election the Muslim Brotherhood would oust the Mubarak rule in Egypt?

The truth is that the average Arab is poor, under-educated and mostly either an orthodox Muslim or in fear of their lives for questioning religious authority. This view is a realistic evaluation between what we hold dear in the West regarding the establishment of the secular state and the religious autocracy or the one-party domination that the Arab World endures.

Personally, I could care less what they believe, or how they wish to be governed. It is not an issue to me, or I assume, with most others. We have been tolerating dictators, around the world, for generations. But when totalitarians disturb world stability, invade others, create terrorism and international blackmail and threaten the peace, the free peoples of the world take notice. That of course doesn't always mean or justify armed intervention.

I do believe in the sanctity of borders and change quite often must be internal. Eventually enough people will starve in Iran and become fed up with the religious zealots that dictate their lives, and change will come. Should we encourage that change through propaganda, boycotts, embargoes and other means? Maybe! We must always have contingency plans and an end game in mind. One of George Bush's abject failures was that he was not prepared for war, did not understand the consequences of it, did not prepare for an occupation, did not build a coalition, and had no end-game or departure plan. In other words he failed!

I firmly believe in a two state solution for the former Mandate area, but as part of that solution, the new state of Palestine must accept peace. Their creation should not be another excuse to horde arms, build an aggressive army and threaten its neighbor. I believe that Israel wants to live in peace with all of its neighbors and will not be an aggressor. Israel has excellent relations with Turkey a Moslem, but secular state, and has always protected the sanctity of all religions and their places of worship within Israel. Unfortunately the Jordanians did not exercise that type of policy regarding Jewish holy sites in Old Jerusalem and in sections of the West Bank that were Jewish for three millennia. By the way, Jews were locked in Kasbah areas or chained ghettoes in almost all the Moslem countries for hundreds of years up and to the end of the 19th Century.

In fact, to the whole wide world, Israel does exist. It has a booming economy, it is a democracy, it has an inventive free society, its tourism was at a record level in 2008 and it is ambitiously working on alternate and renewable energy. In fact, they lead the world in that area, and I am sure the oil sheiks are quite unhappy about that prospect. But just look at where Brian M's petro dollars go! They go to building Dubai into a super playground for the rich! What else is new? Are they using those dollars to build peace and prosperity with their co-religionists? The answer is obvious!

 

 

 

Israel's Right to Exist -Part I 1-10-09

Israel’s Right to Exist-Part I

1-10-09

 

Israel seems to always get criticism constantly for efforts to defend its own people by the Jew-haters of this world. In 1914 Pancho Villa crossed the Mexico-Texas border, robbed banks in Brownsville and killed American citizens. General Pershing was sent with an American force in search of Villa and stayed there for a considerable period of time. Again no society can tolerate it s borders being violated and its citizens being killed and maimed.

Whether one agrees on the legitimacy of Israel or not, one must understand that they have been a sovereign and democratic nation for a great many years. In fact, they have been a nation state much longer than a majority of the UN members today. They have stood the test of time, 1,000,000 Moslem Arabs along with other minorities live in peace in Israel. They have the rights of citizenship, travel, work, education, and can socialize with whom they wish. They have extra special rights because they do not have to serve in the military and it seems on the surface that they would prefer an Israeli government that guarantees all these rights, along with prosperity over the chaos that inhabits most of the Arab-Moslem World.

The story of internecine Arab-Moslem strife is unending. The 80 -year history of Iraq is rife with that reality. They were a violent society for decades, only interrupted by period of forced order by dictators. Syria, Yemen, Sudan and Libya, have been dictatorships forever. Egypt and the Saudis are basically run by oligarchies. Mubarak is a quasi-dictator and Iran, which is not an Arab state, is becoming a feudal basket state and a threat to their region and the rest of the world. Sudan is starving millions of its own citizens, but the issue of the Palestinians remains foremost in the minds of many Arabs and Muslims. Is not Jordan a Palestinian Muslim state? Did they not have control over the so-called West Bank from 1948 thru 1967? Why didn't they absorb that area and its people, or make it independent? They didn't want to! They kept it alive to keep it as a problem, because they knew that the creation of a West Bank Palestinian state would have led to the de facto recognition of Israel. The so-called Palestinian refugee camps around the Arab World are the only refugee camps that still exist from that era. All the other camps that were created by the wars and genocidal conduct in the 20th Century were dispersed as their populations were assimilated into other nation states. Only where Muslim and non-Muslim exist as neighbors is there ongoing strife; Kashmir, the Philippines, the Middle East, Africa, and the Balkans. What is the reason?

Is Israel or World Jewry unaware of that reality? Israel has been feeling the sting of Fedeyeen terrorism and intrusions for sixty years. Hundreds, if not thousands, of their people have been murdered and maimed. Currently the Arab-Muslim world is in chaos once again. Whose fault is that? Is that the fault of Israel? Is the poverty and religious strife with the Moslem world the fault of Israel? Is Osama Bin Ladin and his opposition to the Saudi princes the fault of Israel? Are the Taliban religious madmen the fault of Israel? Was the Shah the fault of Israel? Are the Mullahs in Teheran the fault of Israel? Was the Syrian political assassinations and terrorism in Lebanon the fault of Israel? Is and was the corruption of Arafat and his brigands the fault of Israel? Were the devastating Iranian-Iraqi Wars over Israel? Was the invasion of Kuwait because of Israel?

If Israel did not exist all of these same things would have happened or be happening. If oil did not exist in the Middle East no one would care one iota about fratricidal conduct amongst Arabs and Muslims. Therefore without oil, the west would support democratic Israel without question! In other words, concern for Gaza and the Gazans may be genuinely emotional and humane. But what have they done to change their attitudes and therefore their future. In the wake of the destruction of Fascism and Communism, those states and their peoples looked for change. They trashed their history and they went from bitterness to self-examination. They brought success out of the ruins. They evolved from dictatorship and totalitarianism to democracy. When will the Arab-Muslim world learn their lesson and end the bitterness that pervades between Shiite and Sunni? When will they stop worrying about Jews?

It is funny that 1 million Arab Muslims can live in peace in Israel. It is funny that Jews from all over the Arab World, and from multiple cultures and races can live in peace and basic harmony in Israel. It is funny that thousands of Christians, both Arab and non-Arab can live in peace in Israel, but 100 Jews cannot live in peace in Hebron. Why do a billion Muslims and 100 million Arabs worry about a few million Jews? Are they so insecure?

I would love to see peace in the Middle East. I believe that it can come. But the “pipe dream” of a Palestinian dominated Israel will not come about. The Palestinians must come to the realization that they are their own worst enemy. They must understand that their destiny is tied to their own sense of worth. They must strive to end violence, accept the reality of Israel and form partnerships of hope and toleration that will eventually bring peace and prosperity.

The Jews of Israel have as much moral right to live there as any people, any where. The Europeans came to the New World in the 16th Century and took the land, plain and simple. The Jews lived in and around that area of the world for thousands of years longer. They went to Caanan and occupied it. They lived among different peoples for thousands of years until the Babylonian Captivity and the Roman destruction of the Temple in 70 CE destroyed their country. If any one group, nation state, or people have an historical legacy to a land, it is the Jews in Israel. It was the converted Arabs under their Moslem leaders who came hundreds of years after the Jewish exile by Rome. Even up until there was renewed Jewish interest in Palestine by Theodore Herzl in the 1890's few people live in that area, but always there were Jews. When European Jews showed interest in that region and invested there, with permission and blessing of the Ottoman Turks, who controlled that region for hundreds of years, poor stateless Arabs moved in looking for work, and a better life and reproduced in greater numbers. They had never lived there before most were from the Hashemite Arabian peninsular. Since the 1920's, the Arabs benefited by Jewish investment and their successful efforts to cultivate the desert. What few Arabs lived there from the Napoleonic Era until the WWI did nothing to improve either the land or the region. After Jewish success in the 1920's the grand Mufti and his allies sought to destroy the Jewish settlements and take their work as their own. Were they any different in Gaza after the Israelis left? No!
Again, the bottom line again is that if there were not oil in the Mid East no one would give a fig about the Arabs, the so-called Palestinians, the Shiites, the Sunnis and the backwardness of their social setup. Modern secular Arabs and Moslems are kept hostage by the politics of the Mullahs and the oligarchs who use religion, myth and hatred to keep their women enslaved, their populations growing and their masses in ignorance. The Israelis opened their doors to 800,000 Jewish refugees from the Arab lands, and hundreds of thousands of persecuted Jews from both the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. These people were assimilated, resettled and main streamed. Operation Magic Carpet brought 10's of thousands of primitive non-white Yemeni Jews to Israel and they were re-settled. Are their problems of equality? Of course! But where in the world does even marginal equality exist? They had as much right to bring in these immigrants as the United States did in the 1840's and the period from 1880 through 1914.

Since the peace treaty with Egypt, land was returned, and hostilities were abated. The West Bank Arabs are used as a cynical tool to keep the pot of conflict boiling. The West Bank Arabs under the brigand Arafat were kept poor and desperate. If he had accepted the Barack Plan, brokered by Clinton in 2000, normalization would be well on its way. But he was not interested in peace or a reasonable settlement. He was interested in victory through terror. The answer to the problems of the Middle East lies with the triumph of the Arab moderates. Will it happen? They had better seek it before their oil runs dry or alternatives drive the price back to 1970 levels. They then can drink it! “No one is giving a fig” about Burma and their dictatorial rule, or Chad, Darfur and dozens of other hot spots of the world where innocent people are being abused and slaughtered. The world is interested in the Middle East because of oil! That is not my view but a historical reality. Any defense of Israel and their right to exist always is met with reverse racism charges. The thought that Israel is a “stolen” country, (from whom?) reflects the true essence of anti-Semitism. Palestine is the Roman name for the former Kingdom of Judea, ruled for hundreds of years by Jewish Kings. The name Palestine is the Roman name for the Philistines, and the Romans considered that name a gross insult and went ahead and changed every Hebrew/Aramaic name in that region that stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to all of what is considered today's Jordan. In 1947, the UN offered the Jewish population of the Mandate area about 17% of the land. They accepted that “unfair” partition. Jerusalem was to be internationalized and the Arabs were to retain all of Jordan, formerly Trans-Jordan, the West bank and most of the Palestinian Mandate of 1947. In fact, the term Palestinian, until 1948, was a term meaning the Jews of the Mandate. The Arabs only started to call themselves that in the late 1960's.

When the partition was legally approved by a vast majority of the member nations of the United Nations, aside from the Arab States, Israel was legally created. The Arabs refused the partition and declared war. By the way, the Thirteen Colonies offered the British crown a compromise in 1776, and they escalated the war into a full-fledged revolution. We won that war and thus the birth of the United States.

Israel, Gaza and Proportional Response 1-10-09

Israel, Gaza and Proportional Response

January 10, 2009

 

The partition of 1947 was not accepted by the Palestinians, it was never their land, and no Arab government existed in that Mandate region for hundreds of years. The last two governments were the British from 1918 through1948, and the Ottomans from 1516 to 1918. In 1922 the total population of the Mandate Area (present Israel, Gaza and the West Bank) was 6% of the current population that lives in that total area under dispute. Even today the density of that whole area is equivalent to that of New Jersey, approximately 1100 people per square mile. The Palestine Mandate was virtually empty in the 1890's when Jews started in earnest to buy desert, malaria infested swamp land from absentee Ottoman and Egyptian land owners, who were happy to sell the land at exorbitant prices. As Jewish settlers moved in and cultivated the land Arabs from neighboring areas flocked to the Mandate for jobs, plain and simple. As soon as the demographics started to change in the 1920's and the hegemony of pan-Arabism was challenged, the riots started, the raids by the Fedeyeen, the murders, and the violence. What else is new?

 

After the beginning of the 1948 war, Arab leaders, including the notorious Nazi ally, the grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Hajj al-Husseini, called for Arabs to vacate their homes and run for cover into the Arab controlled part of the Mandate, while their six armies slaughtered the Jews.

 

Those 800,000 became their refugee problem, which they never resolved. They are still the only unsettled refugees in the whole world since the end of WWII. They were never assimilated, because of the cynicism of the Arab world. They could have easily been resettled in the West Bank when it was controlled by Jordan from 1948 through 1967. At that time Jordan had the ability to create a Palestinian State. They choose not to do it because that would be considered a de facto and possibly a de jure recognition of the State of Israel. On the other hand Israel absorbed over 800,000 Jewish refugees from Arab lands, where they had endured persecution, non-citizenship and pogroms for hundreds of years.

 

As to proportionate response, the US wasn't happy with Sadaam Hussein's regime and we invaded Iraq.  So you should waste your rants on us.  When Pancho Villa robbed banks in Texas, we sent General Pershing into Mexico with an army.  Israel has the right of self-defense and when the brigand government of terrorists wise up, peace will break out. But they won't become realists until the people of Gaza realize that their future has been turned over to terrorists and their only path to peace is with rational leadership.

 

Israel's Right to Exist II 1-10-09

Israel’s Right to Exist II

January 10, 2009

 

Israel has as much right to the land they occupy as any one. In fact, they have a greater right. The Arabs, as a whole, are an impoverished, backward, and venal group. Only a few of their vast numbers have the guts to stand up and say what is right. Brigands, and their tribal blood feuds lead them, and their religious insanity makes them the bane of the current world. The Orthodox Jews, whether they be Lubavitcher or Satmar, can be quite different and difficult to understand. They may be impossible to like or even deal with, but they are not a warlike, violent, or an evangelical group. They have their arcane customs and so be it. They certainly are not the picture or profile of Israel. With regards to the borders, what makes ownership of the land start at 70 AD, 1919, 1947, 1948, or 1967? In fact, the Arabs never owned the land. They owned, as individuals, parts of the land just like the Jews who had lived there. Jews always occupied some part of the land since before antiquity. There was always a Jewish presence in Jerusalem, Safad, Hebron, and Tiberias since Biblical times. Jews lived all over the Arab world, under their domination and thumb for almost two millennia. But in the so-called Holy Land, the Turks controlled that area from 1516 to 1918. So the land was never “Arab.” They lived there, along with the Jews as the subjects of the Ottoman Empire as they were to become subjects of the British Empire.

 

But as the renown historian, and Churchill’s official biographer, Martin Gilbert has written, in Tunisia there were 110,000 Jews in 1948, was life easy? No! In 1881, as a French Protectorate, conditions improved for the Jewish Community, but in 1917 Tunisian troops pillaged the Jewish quarters of many towns. Mobs attacked Jews in 1932 because of European immigration to Palestine. Eventually with independence in 1956 conditions worsened for the Jewish population and by 1974, 2000 Jews remained. In Yemen the Jewish population went from 55,000 in 1948 to 500 in 1974. Jews had lived there for over 2000 years in 1900. In Aden there were 8000 Jews in 1948 and almost none in 1974. Anti-Jewish and anti-Zionist laws were introduced in Yemen in 1905. For example there was a re-introduction of laws that Jews could not build houses higher than those of Muslims, or to raise their voices in front of a Muslim, or engage in religious discussion with Muslims, or be in any traditional Muslim trade or occupation. Even laws were enacted that forced the conversion of Jewish orphans to Islam. In Morocco the Jewish population was 285,000 in 1948, and 20,000 in 1974. There were Muslim attacks in 1903, 1907, and 1912 and after WWII many riots leading up to the general immigration of Jews from that land. As late as 1965, the “Protocols of the Elders of Zion” were published and disseminated again in Morocco. The Jewish population of Egypt in 1948 was 75,000, but by 1974 it had been reduced to 350. In 1844, 1881, and 1902 there were anti-Jewish riots emanating from accusations regarding the ritual use of blood. In 1882, 1919, 1921, 1924, Jews were attacked in anti-foreigner riots. In 1945 there were “Balfour Day” riots leading up to confiscation of lands, abrogation of rights and outright expulsions through the 1950's and up to 1967. In Syria, the population of Jews shrunk from 29,770 in 1943 to 4000 in 1974. The kind of anti-Jewish laws in Syria were and are unbelievable. But, historically in 1936-9, Nazi officers from Germany institutionalized violence against Jews after a visit. The story of Syria is too sick to even repeat here.   

 

 

The saga of persecution, discrimination, prejudice and violence is unending. Therefore Palestine/Israel became the refuge of 100's of thousands of Middle Eastern Jews, no less the ones who wished to flee from Europe where they were not welcome. FDR met with King Ibn Sa'ud, of Saudi Arabia on February 14, 1945 in the Great Bitter Lake, which is located in the Suez Canal. He conferred with Rabbi Stephen Wise and his cabinet before he left for Yalta, and told them that he would “try to settle the Palestine situation.” He had discussed the concept of a Jewish homeland with Stalin at Yalta and said that he was a Zionist, but he recognized the difficulty of the Jewish problem. After meeting with Sa'ud on the USS Quincy, and through much discussion, the suggestion from Sa'ud was that the choicest lands in Germany be given to the Jews. Of course there is much more to the story. That issue was a non-starter, as much for the fact that no one could be positive that German anti-Semitism would not arise in the future and make life impossible again for the Jews.

 

FDR tried to convince Sa'ud with all of his charm, and with the promise of economic aid, irrigation projects and improved living standards, about the need for a Jewish Homeland, but Sa'ud wanted none of it. He had little cares for any improvements regarding the lives of his own people. Sa'ud said, “Arabs would choose to die, rather than yield their land to the Jews.” What else in new? So the Arab world, for better or worse, did not want an avalanche of European Jews into Palestine. They also wanted to dominate and abuse the 800,000 plus Jews spread under their control throughout Arab lands, and they certainly did want those Jews to move to Palestine to create their own homeland. They wanted it both ways! They also full understood that once there was a Jewish Homeland, the Jews in their lands would leave and they would lose a valuable source of tax revenue and intellectual acumen. They relied on this dependent and servile community for many things. It kept them as a convenient scapegoat, and it allowed them to be used as a type of permanent “guest” class of advisors, middlemen and professionals. Out of these many thousands, a number prospered no doubt.

 

Therefore, with all that in mind, I assume that if Israel was a country of evangelical Christians, I would guess or imagine there would be similar problems. But, then again, the problem of the Middle East is not only the one of control between the more western-leaning secular Sunnis versus the more religiously extreme Shi'ites, but the problem of modernism versus tribalism. The Islamic Arab and Non-Arab oligarchs from the Fertile Crescent to North Africa are not comfortable with a republican form of democracy or what it brings. They have yet to enter the age of enlightenment, and the specter of education, equality for women, religious freedom, and personal rights is still far beyond their ken and political interests. Israel, and the Jews, represents the freethinking pluralism of the West and the Islamists fear all of that, in the same way that Sa'ud would not accept the offer, given by FDR in 1945, to uplift his people. He told FDR that he was an uneducated Bedouin and was comfortable with his values.

 

As to the Middle Eastern Islamic World, which is divided between the oil oligarchs who assuage their population with a form of petro dollar socialism, and the non-oil producing states who are basically poor, over-populated, and cannot depend on the Soviet Union anymore for arms and technical support, the area is a cauldron of unhappiness and despair. As oil revenues drop, support for Hezbollah, Hamas and the madrass, (or Saudi orthodox educational) system throughout Pakistan, Afghanistan and other Muslim areas may start to dry up.

 

 The existence of a vibrant growing, and well-off, western-oriented Israel is a constant sore point and irritant to the hypocritical leadership that abounds in the Arab World. Whether one supports our ill-conceived effort in Iraq or our clumsy under-supported effort in Afghanistan, one reality is for sure, Sadaam Hussein, his family, and the Baathists were a horrible and despicable bunch who ruled by terror and mayhem. In Afghanistan the religious zealots of the Taliban, who enslaved the people with their religious bigotry, and their alliance with the Al Quaida terrorists were no better.  

 

 

FDR and Pearl Harbor 12-7-09 Letter to Gather.com

A letter to Gather www.gather.com

 

FDR and Pearl Harbor

December 7, 2009

 

I was just up at Hyde Park as an invited guest to a reception for the gifting of a long-displaced painting of FDR piloting the sloop Amberjack II to Campobello Island in June of 1933 with the ill-fated cruiser Indianapolis as his escort. This was FDR’s first visit to Campobello since he was stricken with polio in 1921. The painting was done by Arthur Beaumont and though it was intended for him, it was never given to FDR or the library for 75 years. FDR would only return to his old summer home once more. At the reception was Donald Blum, a resident of Scarsdale, NY for 80 plus years. Ensign Blum had been assigned to the Indianapolis, as a newly minted Ensign, only thirteen days before, and he wound up in the Pacific Ocean with hundreds of others for five days after the Indianapolis was sunk by the IJN Navy submarine I-58. I am a collector of cachet naval stamped/franked covers of ships that served before, during and after WWII. I brought up a three displays, one of the Indianapolis and covers (envelopes) that were franked from FDR’s cruise to Rio in 1935, the NY Naval Review of 1934 and other events. I also brought up displays of Arizona covers and one of Ford Island, Oahu and all the major ships anchored there on December 7th, 1941. It was quite interesting to listen to Mr. Blum’s account of that tragedy, the naval cover-up, the attack by the sharks, the death of hundreds of sailors, and his rescue.

 

Over the last 50 years I have spent many hours reading through my hundreds of books on WWII, FDR and almost all of the events that encompassed FDR’s remarkable life and career. I also host a radio show, The Advocates, and one can access its archives at http://advocates-wvox.com or just google: Richard J. Garfunkel. Many people quote John Flynn, Thomas Fleming, David Wyman, Rafael Medoff and various other FDR haters, who have made a quick buck off their publications. But quoting these folks doesn’t change history or the facts. Nobody has a right to their “own” facts. Literally millions of documents have been poured over by thousands of scholars and FDR’s excellent reputation has survived quite well the test of history. 

 

The fact the FDR wanted to defeat the Fascists is well-known. The fact that the American First movement, led by the virulent anti-Semite and fraud, Charles Lindbergh, were pro-Nazi or just fools, is today well known. It is also known today that John L. Lewis, the head of the United Mine Workers, and the founder of the CIO, opposed FDR in 1940, and Nazi money was funneled to him during that campaign. I hope your readers are well aware of Lindbergh’s social dalliances and his two families and many illegitimate children. That is not hyperbole or rumor. FDR was thwarted regarding preparedness by foolish people in and out of the US Congress. These individuals would have led us down the road to defeat and domination by the Fascist forces that plagued and pillaged Europe and the Pacific.

 

As to FDR’s effort in the Atlantic to confront the Kriegsmarine’s (The German Navy) U-Boat menace to our right of “freedom of the seas,” it is well-documented. FDR was a truly heroic visionary who identified the totalitarian threat in his “Quarantine Speech” of 1937 and was excoriated and pilloried for his warnings. His effort to re-arm America and prepare it for war was exemplary. Without that effort the isolationists and their Nazi-fellow travelers would have eventually allowed us to be left alone in our ability to confront the Axis and its massive forces. We would have been destroyed eventually.

 

The ships at Pearl Harbor were not bait for the Japanese as some claim. Our naval thinkers totally underestimated the skills and technological superiority of the IJN circa 1941. That certainly was not the fault of FDR or the civilian leadership. Superior, larger and more technologically advanced vessels were already in the production “pipeline,” but our naval analysts never understood carrier warfare, even with the British success at Taranto. In fact, throughout WWII our torpedoes were almost an abject failure, and the Japanese “long lance” types were much more successful, reliable and accurate.

 

Again, to think that FDR would use our ships and men at Pearl Harbor is a blood-libel. We were lucky the ships were at anchor in the shallow waters around Ford Island and that are carriers were off to Wake Island. They were not sent there on purpose, as some have idiotically asserted, to avoid the coming attack, and therefore survive to fight the coming war. That assertion is patently absurd. But many of the assertions from the FDR haters are absurd. What else is new?

 

The Advocates with Judy Cheng-Hopkins 1-7-09

The Advocates

 with

Richard J. Garfunkel

 WVOX – AM Radio 1460- 12 Noon Wednesday

January 7, 2009

 

Wednesday, January 9, 2009, at 12:00 Noon, I am hosting my show, The Advocates, on WVOX- 1460 AM on your dial, or you can listen to its live streaming at www.wvox.com . One can call the show at 914-636-0110 to reach us on the radio. My guest on this year’s first edition of The Advocates is Ms. Judy Cheng-Hopkins. Our subject today is the ongoing problem of refugees in the world today, and what is being done about it by the United Nations.

 

Ms. Judy Cheng-Hopkins is the United Nations Assistant High Commissioner for refugees.  This position, supervises all UNHCR operations in the world. It also oversees the Division of Operational Support which includes the Emergency and Security Service.

 

Prior to this job, Ms. Cheng-Hopkins was the Director of the World Food Programme Office in New York.  She was also Director for Asia and Eastern Europe in WFP (1997-2000) where she oversaw large and complex emergency operations.  Prior to that, she served UNDP in Africa for 10 years, first in Zambia (1982-1988), then in Kenya (1988-1992) and as Deputy Assistant Administrator for Africa (2002-2003).

 

Ms. Cheng-Hopkins received a Master of Arts degree in Economic Development from Columbia University (1978), USA.  She has also received diplomas from Université d’Haute Bretagne in Rennes, France and Harvard University, USA. Ms. Cheng-Hopkins is Malaysian.  She is married and mother of two daughters.  She enjoys playing tennis and listening to jazz. She is also married to Dr. Tom Hopkins, who was on this show on April 9, 2008. Dr. Thomas J. Hopkins, who is deeply involved in Development/Strategic Planning, has worked on these efforts all over the world and is the author of an unlimited number of reports, the last being “Capacity Assessment Guidelines: A Systems and Strategic Management review about Somalia and Nairobi.  You can access our interview by going to http://advocates-wvox.com .

 

Meanwhile the mission of the “Advocates” is to bring to the public differing views on current “public policy “ issues. “Public policy,” therefore, is what we as a nation legally and traditionally follow. Over the years the “public policy” of the United States has changed or has been modified greatly. As an example, “free public education” is the public policy of the United States. Also, over time great struggles have ensued over the control of the direction of “public policy” For example: free trade vs. protectionism, slavery vs. emancipation, state’s rights vs. Federalism, and an all-volunteer armed forces or the “draft.”

 

Over the next few weeks, The Advocates will host; Michael Cohen, previewing the President Obama’s inauguration, Jill Alcott talking about her work with the environment, author Alida Brill, and her book on pain, Chris Breiseth, the now retired head of the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute talking about the Roosevelt Legacy and what it means for the challenges of 2009 and Cynthia Koch, the head of the FDR Library, in Hyde Park and the critical role it plays regarding political and historical research.

 

Richard J. Garfunkel, The Advocates: http://advocates-wvox.com